Phenolic acids, flavanols, flavonols and stilbenes (PAFFS) were isolated from whole grapes, juice, or pomace and purified using enzymatic hydrolysis. Only anthocyanin mono-glucosides and a few of the oligomers from Cynthiana grape (Vitis aestivalis) were analysed. Flavonoid-anthocyanin mono-glucosides (FA) were isolated using methanol/0.1% hydrochloric acid extraction. In addition, crude extrac...

The grape berries due to containing organic acids, sugars, aromatic compounds, phenolic compounds (including anthocyanins, flavanols, flavonols, stilbenes (resveratrol)), tannins, and oil in the pulp, skin, and seed have numerous health benefits for human health. In this study, we investigated genetic and phytochemical characteristics of four famous grapevine cultivars (Shiraz, Sirch, Panje Aro...

Accumulation of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins (PAs) is limited to specific cell types and developmental stages, but little is known about how antagonistically acting transcriptional regulators work together to determine temporal and spatial patterning of pigmentation at the cellular level, especially for PAs. Here, we characterize MYB2, a transcriptional repressor regulating both anthocyan...

The anthocyanin pattern of artichoke heads (Cynara scolymus L.) has been investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. For this purpose a suitable extraction and liquid chromatographic method was developed. Besides the main anthocyanins-cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside, cyanidin 3-glucoside, cyanidin 3,5-malonyldiglucoside, cyanidin 3-(3''-malonyl)glu...

The aim of the research was to analyse the weaknesses of the pH differential method for strawberry anthocyanin determination. The work is based on practical experiments with 12 strawberry cultivars and on analysis of published papers. We used following molar absorption coefficients ( values): 26900 and 29600 M cm for cyanidin 3 glycoside (C3g) and 15600, 22400, 27300 and 36000 M cm for pelargon...

Plants of Malva sylvestris L. were studied for change in growth pattern and their anthocyanin production, malvidin and delphinidin with abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. Exogenous administration of ABA as foliar spray for five successive days significantly increased anthocyanin content up to five fold with induced morphological variations by increasing height, leaf mass, leaf number, fresh and dry...

Anthocyanin pigments readily degrade during processing and storage of foodstuffs, which can have a dramatic impact on color quality and may also affect nutritional properties. Total anthocyanin pigment content and indices for polymeric color and browning are easily measured with simple spectrophotometric methods. Once individual pigments are identified, their changes can be monitored by high-pe...

in order to study the effects of ascorbic acid as an important antioxidant reducing salinity damage, an experiment was conducted on two althernantera genotypes (“entire leaf” and “undulated leaf”) at research greenhouse of shahid chamran university in 2013. concentrations of 0, 0.5 and 1 mm of ascorbic acid were sprayed weekly on plants grown under 0, 30, 60, 90 mm nacl. the experiment was carr...

Purple-fleshed sweet potato is good for health due to rich anthocyanins in tubers. Although the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway is well understood in up-ground organs of plants, the knowledge on anthocyanin biosynthesis in underground tubers is limited. In the present study, we isolated and functionally characterized a root-preferential gene encoding dihydrokaempferol reductase (IbDHKR) from p...

The health benefits of purple sweetpotato, which is used as an edible food in its natural 13 state and in processed foods and as a natural color pigment, have been recognized. In Japan, 14 sweetpotato has been economically produced in regions below 36°4′N latitude, however, cultivation 15 areas are beginning to expand further north. The anthocyanin and polyphenolics in purple 16 sweetpotatoes c...