Background: Insect symbionts have the potential to block the transmission of vector-borne diseases by their hosts. The advancement of a symbiont-based transmission blocking strategy for malaria requires the identification and study of Anopheles symbionts. Methods: High throughput 16S amplicon sequencing was used to profile the bacteria associated with Anopheles gambiae sensu lato and identify p...

Phylogenetic relationships among species of the Myzorhynchella Section of Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) were investigated using the nuclear ribosomal DNA second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2), the nuclear whitegene and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) regions. The recently described Anopheles pristinus and resurrected Anopheles guarani were also included in the study. Bayesian p...

Mosquitoes of the Anopheles gambiae complex display strong preference for human bloodmeals and are major malaria vectors in Africa. However, their interaction with viruses or role in arbovirus transmission during epidemics has been little examined, with the exception of O'nyong-nyong virus, closely related to Chikungunya virus. Deep-sequencing has revealed different RNA viruses in natural insec...

There is a lack of data on the Anopheles fauna, its biology and the roles played by different vector species in the transmission of malaria in the mount Cameroon region. The biting habits, feeding behaviour and entomological inoculation rates of different Anopheles species during the dry and rainy season were investigated. A total of 2165 Anopheles was collected, 805 in the rainy season and 136...

BACKGROUND All vectors of human malaria, a disease responsible for more than one million deaths per year, are female mosquitoes from the genus Anopheles. Evarcha culicivora is an East African jumping spider (Salticidae) that feeds indirectly on vertebrate blood by selecting blood-carrying female mosquitoes as preferred prey. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS By testing with motionless lures made...

glutathione s-transferases (gsts) are a major family of detoxification enzymes which possess a wide range of substrate specificities. interest in insect gsts has primarily focused on their role in insecticide resistance. in this study, following world health organization (who) routine susceptibility test, dna was extracted from specimens of anopheles stephensi collected from the kazeroon distri...

Two new mosquito species belonging to the Hyrcanus Group, Anopheles (Anopheles) belenrae Rueda and An. (Ano.) kleini Rueda, are described from the Republic of South Korea, with illustrations of the larvae, pupae, adults, and male genitalia.

A total of 460 Anopheles funestus s.l. was collected inside human dwellings in Mwea, central Kenya. Of the 414 specimens that were positively identified, 1 was Anopheles leesoni and the others were Anopheles parensis. None of the 373 specimens tested were positive for Plasmodium falciparum or Plasmodium malariae sporozoites by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Of the 139 ELISA blood-me...

Knock down efficacy of commercially available insecticides against Anopheles gambiae Nicholas K. Makworo , Vincent O. Ochieng, Dorington Ogoyi, Richard W. Mukabana

果 はcortisoneに よる直接作 用で あるか否か,脾 臓の 萎縮 を始め とす る網 内系 の機能低下 はcortisoneの 作 用効果 として如何程 の意義 をもつ ものであるか,又 そ の2次 的影響 は広範 なcortisone効 果か ら如何に区別 され てい るのか,今 回はこれ等の疑 問に対 して進 めた 検討の結果について,即 ち, cortisoneの ウイルス感 受性上昇効果 は網 内系 ホルモンと して理解 さるべ きも の ゝ欠乏に よる2次 的影響で あること,そ して更 に網 内系 ホルモ ンは生体 内の酵素作用に も密 なる影響 を及 ぼ し,上ウイル ス感受性 を規定す る上に重要 な役割 を果 してい ることを報告 する と共に,併 せて新 たに追加 さ るべ き生体 の内分泌性防衛 機転即 ち,副 腎皮質 と網内 系 との間の ホルモ ン連...