We propose and analyze a recipient-anonymous stochastic routing model to study fundamental trade-off between anonymity delay. An agent wants quickly reach goal vertex in network through sequence of actions, whereas an overseeing adversary observes the agent’s entire trajectory tries identify among those vertices traversed. are interested understanding probability that can correctly (anonymity) ...

A lot of attention has been paid to a quantum-sensing network for detecting magnetic fields in different positions. Recently, cryptographic quantum metrology was investigated where the information is transmitted secure way. However, sometimes, positions non-zero are generated could carry important information. Here, we propose an anonymous sensor having hidden after measuring with network. Supp...

Crowdsourced financial information platforms often allow content contributors to publish equity research anonymously. This study examines whether investors value or discount in anonymous research. In the short window around releases, we find that investors’ stock price reaction is muted comparison nonanonymous Consistent with credibility concerns influencing investor response, document this dis...

Distinguished scholar of religious movements Donald Miller demonstrates the energy, vitality, and entrepreneurial resourcefulness of Pentecostal and charismatic congregations. With one-quarter of the world's Christians, this movement represents a pivotal renewal force within global Christianity, fueled by religious zeal, bold vision, adaptability to local context, and non-hierarchical organizat...

Scholars have identified numerous obstacles that appear to stand in the way of democracy taking root in Russia, including the country’s religious heritage. In an attempt to understand the role of Orthodoxy in Russian society more accurately, this article explores the civic, political, and democratic values of devout Orthodox Christians and more secular-leaning “cultural Orthodox.” The findings ...

This article investigates the diets of neighboring Christians and Muslims in late medieval Spain (here 13th-16th centuries) through the analysis of the stable isotopes of carbon (δ(13) C) and nitrogen (δ(15) N) in adult human and animal bone collagen. Twenty-four Christians and 20 Muslims are sampled from two adjacent and contemporaneous settlements in the township of Gandía on the Mediterranea...