The correlation between thermal vacancy characteristics and D03 ordering in ball-milled nanocrystalline (Fe3Si)95Nb5 was studied by combined measurements of x-ray diffraction and positron annihilation. Structural stabilization due to grain boundary segregation of Nb enables high-temperature positron lifetime measurements up to 1023 K from which vacancy formation parameters identical to those in...

The energy budget of the universe contains two components, dark matter and dark energy, about which we have much to learn. One should not forget, however, that the baryonic component presents its own questions for particle cosmology. In the context of cosmology, baryons would have annihilated with their antiparticles in the early universe, leaving a negligible abundance of baryons, in disagreem...

We derive short UIR’s of the OSp(8/4, R) superalgebra of 3d N = 8 superconformal field theories by the requirement that the highest weight states are annihilated by a subset of the super-Poincaré odd generators. We then find a superfield realization of these BPS saturated UIR’s as “composite operators” of the two basic ultrashort “supersingleton” multiplets. These representations are the AdS4 a...

It is now well-established that a variety of singularities can be characterized and observed in optical wavefields. It is also known that these phase singularities, polarization singularities and coherence singularities are physically related, but the exact nature of their relationship is still somewhat unclear. We show how a Young-type three-pinhole interference experiment can be used to creat...

“Of all the surgical operations which are performed in man for the preservation of life by the physician, I have always judged to be the foremost that by which man is recalled from a quick death to a sudden repossession of life, a feat which raises to the level of Aesculapius; the operation is the opening of the asperia arteria [trachea], by which patients, from a condition of almost suffocatin...

We present a new algorithm for vibrational control in deuterium molecules that is feasible with current experimental technology. A pump mechanism is used to create a coherent superposition of the D2 vibrations. A short, intense infrared control pulse is applied after a chosen delay time to create selective interferences. A ‘chessboard’ pattern of states can be realized in which a set of evenor ...

U(1) gauge fields are decomposed into a monopole and photon part across the phase transition from the confinement to the Coulomb phase. We analyze the leading Lyapunov exponents of such gauge field configurations on the lattice which are initialized by quantum Monte Carlo simulations. We observe that the monopole field carries the same Lyapunov exponent as the original U(1) field. As a long awa...

A singular polynomial is one which is annihilated by all Dunkl operators for a certain parameter value. These polynomials were first studied by Dunkl, de Jeu and Opdam, (Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 346 (1994), 237-256). This paper constructs a family of such polynomials associated to the irreducible representation (N − 2, 1, 1) of the symmetric group SN for odd N and parameter values − 1 2 ,− 3 2 ,...

Alice strings are cosmic strings that turn matter into antimatter. Although they arise naturally in many GUT’s, it has long been believed that because of the monopole problem they can have no cosmological effects. We show this conclusion to be false; by using the Langacker-Pi mechanism, monopoles can in fact be annihilated while Alice strings are left intact. This opens up the possibility that ...