— This essay focuses on two questions: How do the current economic systems and institutions of Muslim countries differ from those of other countries at the same stage of economic development? What is the impact of Islam on the economic and social performance of these countries? Employing a cluster analysis I find that there is no special Muslim economic system; moreover, few economic institutio...

Violent reactions to provocative films and cartoons about Islam have left many people around the world more appalled by the reactions than by the provocations. In 2004, Dutch director Theodoor van Gogh was assassinated because of his film about the treatment of women in Islam. Since 2005, Danish cartoonist Kurt Westergaard has been the target of several murder attempts because of his depictions...

This paper reveals that while Muslims have a surprisingly good reputation in Western Europe, the headscarf is opposed by a large majority. Several arguments are developed in this paper to investigate why people make a difference between Muslims as a group and their religious practices. While attitudes towards Muslims hardly vary across countries there is a lot of variation of resentment against...

The present study aimed to examine theposition of "Jurist Islam" discourses and "Liberal Islam"in the "Final Review of the Islamic Republic of Iran Constitution" in1979. And consider the conflict between the above-mentioned constitutionaldiscourses to gain a better understanding of these discourses and the constitution.To this aim, should find the point of the deba...

Islam is the world’s fastest growing religion and at its present rate of expansion it will soon be the predominant religion of mankind. This is not a new or unexpected statistic, however it is something that is slowly making people re-examine their understanding of a religion of which many remain ignorant. Some are taking positive step, and by educating themselves they are discovering the truth...

This paper empirically analyses the trend of Islamization in Malaysia using the Islamization Index as an indicator to determine whether the time series dataset of the Islamization index possess deterministic trends or stochastic properties. The result determines the appropriateness of the employment of the Islamization index as a proxy of Islam in the empirical study of Islam and economic perfo...

Ramadan is the ninth month of the Muslim calendar, and 1.9 billion Muslims of the world celebrate their holiest month of Ramadan each year. It is the month of fasting in the Muslim calendar when it is believed the Holy Quran (the holy book of Muslims) was sent down from heaven as a guidance unto men a declaration of direction, and a mean of salvation, fasting is one of the five pillars of Islam...