This technical report describes the participation of women in computing in more than 30 countries, by focussing on participation at undergraduate level. A brief discussion covers how societal and cultural factors may affect women’s participation. Statistics from many different sources are presented for comparison. Generally, participation is low – most countries fall in the 10-40% range with a ...

This paper seeks to provide an input towards developing the proposal for the research project, “Pathways of Women’s Empowerment” to investigate the determinants of women’s empowerment where and when it occurs. It primarily attempts to give an overview of the trends in research, thinking and programmes in Pakistan from 1975 onwards in the area of women’s empowerment and bodily integrity in order...

several factors influenced on the presence of women in the pahlavi era. in the new structures after the constitutionalism and along with modernism of pahlavi, court became to the government and political figures changed to the people. in this era, the role of women in sexual approach, their changed from a class-in-itself to class-for-itself. the outgrowth of social backdrops caused that we can ...

this paper contends that there has been a definitive and negative change in the trajectory of so-called islamic feminism. this change has been effected in large part in the west , as part of the growing discourse of euro-islam, european islam, indigenization of islam, etc., a discourse that comes not from governments (though it is mirrored, applauded and rewarded by governments in the region) b...

background :many pregnant muslim women choose to fast during ramadan every year worldwide. this study aimed to examine the effect of ramadan fasting on serum leptin, neuropeptide y and insulin in pregnant women and find whether fasting during pregnancy could have a negative effect on the health of mothers and fetuses.   methods : this cross-sectional study was conducted on 39 healthy volunteer ...

Introduction: The effect of fluid and food restrictions on biochemical substances relating to the renal and bone function of pregnant women is not well defined. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of fluid and food restriction on the following substances in pregnant fasting women during Ramadan: blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and alkal...