water quality is a most important factor in areas facing water crisis the survival of which is based upon it. in a determination of water value the factors that should be attended to are: the given volume, specified quality(preservation value), as well as the specific time and place.valuation of water in iran is dependent on types of exploited water resources which include: human consumption(qu...

Cement concrete and other cement-based composites find wide application in the construction industry. The manufacturing of cement releases a large amount CO2, so use has become major area environmental concern. Attempts have been made to minimize quantity con- crete by replacing it with supplementary cementitious materials. Geopolymer is one those potential candidates for alternative mate- rial...

introduction: asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease. genetic and environmental factors have been important role in the induction of asthma. it's estimated that asthma affect 2.7 to 35.4% of child (in average 13.4%) in iran. the aims of this study to assess the costs of asthma patients admitted in boali hospital in sari in the north of iran. patients and methods: this descriptive ...

iran is an important endemic focus area of cystic hydatid disease where several intermediate host species are commonly infected with echinococcus granulosus . annually, most livers are shipped out, stored away, or destroyed due to contamination among livestock. for instance, in aleshtar (lorestan province), liver and lung losses due to hydatid cysts during 2002-2003 were approximately 864,360,0...

In this study, the Input- Output Structural Decomposition Analysis (I-O SDA) is used to investigate the effects of technological structure changes on changes of total output in Sistan and Baluchestan Province during 2006-2011. The technological structure change is decomposed into two factors: intermediate input structure changes (input substitution) and change in direct backward linkage. The re...

Introduction To estimate the economic burden of tuberculosis treatment in Sistan, region with highest number cases Iran. Methods All patients smear-positive pulmonary who had contracted 2018 and successfully completed their were interviewed. Results Ninety a mean age 57 ± 18 years Most them women (58%), housewives (57%) resided rural areas (84%). The cost for was estimated as 6800 USD per patie...

sarcheshmeh copper complex is the largest producer of copper in iran. with copper production, high amounts of so2 are being produced in this complex and emmited into the environment. so, in this study, the social optimum level of so2 released from this complex and the optimal tax rate will be evaluated. for this purpose, md and mac curves were estimated. the wtp for the reduction of so2 emissio...