We report the results of several randomized survey experiments designed to evaluate two intended improvements to anchoring vignettes, an increasingly common technique used to improve interpersonal comparability in survey research. This technique asks for respondent self-assessments followed by assessments of hypothetical people described in vignettes. Variation in assessments of the vignettes a...

TOPIC: Cardiovascular Disease TYPE: Medical Student/Resident Case Reports INTRODUCTION: Amyloidosis is a systemic disease caused by deposition of misfolded protein in various tissues and organs. Early recognition amyloidosis necessary as cardiac dysfunction the major determinant survival(1). The diagnosis often delayed given non-specific symptoms at onset. Prognosis primarily dependent on degre...

Proteins vital to presynaptic function are synthesized in the neuronal perikarya and delivered into synapses via two modes of axonal transport. While membrane-anchoring proteins are conveyed in fast axonal transport via motor-driven vesicles, cytosolic proteins travel in slow axonal transport via mechanisms that are poorly understood. We found that in cultured axons, populations of cytosolic pr...

Numerical predictions are of central interest for both coherence-based approaches to judgment and decisions — the Heuristic and Biases (HB) program in particular — and to correspondence-based approaches — Social Judgment Theory (SJT). In this paper I examine the way these two approaches study numerical predictions by reviewing papers that use Cue Probability Learning (CPL), the central experime...

Unemployment is an issue that continues to persist around the world. It has many negative consequences on individual, such as lower self-esteem, and this paper looks at how these effects could be mitigated, by ensuring reemployment of individuals, through a behavioral economics approach. Understanding examining heuristics anchoring effect, status quo bias, framing, allows us shape new policies ...

BACKGROUND Cognitive errors are thought-process errors, or thinking mistakes, which lead to incorrect diagnoses, treatments, or both. This psychology of decision-making has received little formal attention in anaesthesiology literature, although it is widely appreciated in other safety cultures, such as aviation, and other medical specialities. We sought to identify which types of cognitive err...

We present a computational model of probabilistic reasoning in a synthetic task environment. The task is a solitaire game called TRACS in which a player must update odds as card are turned, like Blackjack. Initial experiments with this game showed that human subjects exhibit a “baseline bias” due to a heuristic strategy of “anchoring and adjustment”. Here we develop a computational model of thi...