In this paper, a new Newton-based extremum-seeking control for dynamic systems is proposed using Kalman filter gradient and Hessian estimation as well stochastic perturbation signal with time-varying amplitude. The obtained based Newton (KFNESC) makes it possible to accelerate the convergence extremum attenuate steady-state oscillations. oscillation attenuation properties of closed-loop system ...

A simplified method has been developed for agar dilution antimicrobial susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria, designed to economize on time and money when only a few isolates need to be tested. The procedure is based on the principle of using filter paper disks as carriers of the antibiotic and 35- by 10-mm petri dishes which, when inoculated with the Steers replicator, can test up to fo...

The anaerobic biodegradability of domestic sewage for four Egyptian villages and four Egyptian cities was determined in batch experiments. The results showed that the biodegradability of the Egyptian-villages sewage (73%) was higher than that of the cities (66%). The higher biodegradability of the soluble COD of village sewage (69%) as compared to that of the cities (46%) was the reason for the...

The anaerobic batch digestion of freeze-dried and ground (< 1.5 mm) maize silage, wheat straw, cattle manure, pig cellulose filter paper was investigated with substrates placed in polyester bags. Gas production dynamics bagged non-bagged were compared. By using bottles running parallel those used for gas measurement, could be sampled over time various parameters measured both substrate bulk liq...

The presence of Bacterium pneumosintes has been demonstrated in nasopharyngeal washings from 2 patients in a sporadic outbreak of clinical influenza in New York City in March, 1926. 2 strains of bacteria morphologically similar to Bact. pneumosintes, but differing in certain cultural characters, and 2 other anaerobic filter-passing organisms were also isolated from the 9 patients examined. The ...

In this paper, a recurrent high order neural observer (RHONO) for anaerobic processes is proposed. The main objective is to estimate variables of methanogenesis: biomass, substrate and inorganic carbon in a completely stirred tank reactor (CSTR). The recurrent high order neural network (RHONN) structure is based on the hyperbolic tangent as activation function. The learning algorithm is based o...

In this study, we investigated the establishment of natural bacterial degraders in a sand filter treating groundwater contaminated with the phenoxypropionate herbicides (RS)-2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)propanoic acid (MCPP) and (RS)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propanoic acid (DCPP) and the associated impurity/catabolite 4-chlorophenoxypropanoic acid (4-CPP). A pilot facility was set up in a contamin...

Meat industry waste waters are 5 to 10 times as strong (BOD)as domestic sewage and contain much higher nitrogen, phosphorus and grease concentrations. Conservation measures and pretreatment facilities are aimed principally at blood (or blood water), casing slimes, wet rendering (tank water), paunch manure, yard drainage and hog hair. The answers available are: dry rendering of blood and grease,...