This paper examines how the fertility of enslaved women was affected by the promise of freedom. Exploiting geographic variation in the effect of the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, I demonstrate a negative correlation between fertility and the distance to freedom. This negative correlation is stronger on larger plantations but weaker when the slaveholder is a woman. A similar correlation is not pre...

THE RESEARCH OF ARMENIAN KIPCHAK LANGUAGE IN SCIENTIFIC ACHIEVEMENTS PROFESSOR EDWARD TRYJARSKI (1923-2021)
 The Armenian Kipchak language is the of Polish Armenians inhabiting former eastern borderlands (mainly cities: Lwów, Kamieniec Podolski, Zamość). time highest activity this peculiar linguistic phenomenon includes 16th and 17th centuries. Edward Tryjarski was an outstanding orientali...

BACKGROUND Multimorbidity, presence of two or more health conditions, is a widespread phenomenon affecting populations' health all over the world. It becomes a serious public health concern due to its negative consequences on quality of life, mortality, and cost of healthcare services utilization. Studies exploring determinants of multimorbidity are limited, particularly those looking at vulner...

with the advent of shāhabbās, the safavid dynasty enjoyed its pinnacle of power. in this era, thanks to the endurance of cultural traditions and long reign of the safavids, and also the extraordinary patronage of artists by the court, the strengthening and establishing of art became realized. shāhabbās’ accession to the throne caused significant political change and as a result, many traditiona...

This paper presents an innovative strategy to synchronize all virtual clocks in asynchronous Internet environments. Our model is based on the architecture of one reference clock and many slave clocks communicating with each other over the Internet. The paper makes three major contributions to this research area. Firstly, one-way information transmission is applied to reduce traffic overhead on ...

Evidence on adverse selection in slave markets remains inconclusive. A necessary prerequisite is that buyers and sellers have different information. We study informational asymmetry on the slave markets through notarial acts on public slave auctions in Mauritius between 1825 and 1835, involving 4,286 slaves. In addition to slave characteristics, the acts document the identities of buyers and se...

This paper presents a novel teleoperation scheme to control a PUMA robotic manipulator with a Phantom haptic device. Using local force control at the slave robot, contact with soft and hard surfaces is attained with high performance. The control design inserts a virtual spring between the master and slave control systems to generate the desired forces. The closed loop performance is increased b...

A novel optical millimeter-wave generation using sideband injection locking is demonstrated using monolithic two-section DFB lasers. The tunable millimeter-wave is generated by adjusting the RF-modulation frequency and bias currents. Summary The optical generation of millimeter-wave has been demonstrated and attracted much attention because of its flexibility and applicability in broadband mobi...