The claims of environmental protection and the lack of petroleum resources provide a new opportunity for developing plastic materials derived from biopolymer resources. Starch is one of the most studied and promising raw materials for the production of biodegradable plastics, because starch is quite cheap, abundant, biodegradable and edible. Starch consists of two major types of molecules, prim...

ABSTRACT High-molecular-weight dextrin (WS-1000) was produced from waxy corn starch and enzymatically modified to link glucose by ?-1,6 glycosidic bond at the terminal point of chain, forming MWS-1000. In this study, physical properties MWS-1000 were characterized, advantages its use as a food modifier described. From rheological calorimetric studies, it found that does not undergo retrogradati...

Both glycogen and amylopectin are branched chain polyglucosides. A differentiation has most often been made on the basis of differences in the degree of branching of the two polysaccharides. For large molecular weight, highly ramified structures like glycogen and amylopectin, the number of branch points may be considered to be equal to the number of terminal, non-reducing glucose residues (end-...

A core set of genes involved in starch synthesis has been defined by genetic studies, but the complexity of starch biosynthesis has frustrated attempts to elucidate the precise functional roles of the enzymes encoded. The chain-length distribution (CLD) of amylopectin in cereal endosperm is modeled here on the basis that the CLD is produced by concerted actions of three enzyme types: starch syn...

Amylopectin is a highly branched, organized cluster of glucose polymers, and the major component of rice starch. Synthesis of amylopectin requires fine co-ordination between elongation of glucose polymers by soluble starch synthases (SSs), generation of branches by branching enzymes (BEs), and removal of misplaced branches by debranching enzymes (DBEs). Among the various isozymes having a role ...

Soybean varieties bred for normal (NM), low-linolenic (LL) or low-saturate (LS) fatty acid composition were collected 20 d prior to harvest. Seed starch structure and functional properties were studied. Soybean starch had small granules (0.5–4.5 lm diameter), and CB-type crystallinity. LL and LS soybean starch had significantly lower absolute amylose than NM soybean. Weight-average amylopectin ...

Tobacco cell suspension (TBY-2) is known to produce starch when cultured in medium supplemented with cytokinin or hormone-free medium. Unexpectedly, TBY-2 cells, continuously cultivated on auxin alone, were also able accumulate at the beginning of stationary growth phase a yield 9.22 ± 0.68 percent. This production was strongly correlated 25-fold increase synthase activity. Moreover, this line ...

Starches from six wild rice cultivars were studied for their chemical structures and physicochemical properties and compared with a long-grain rice starch. The six wild rice starches were similar in morphological appearance, X-ray diffraction patterns, swelling power, and water solubility index but different in amylose content, beta-amylolysis limit, branch chain length distribution, thermal pr...

Objectives of this study were to compare ethanol production between normal and waxy corn using a cold fermentation process and to understand effects of starch structures and properties on ethanol production. Ethanol yields positively correlated (p < 0.01) with starch contents of kernels of the normal and waxy corn. The average starch-ethanol conversion efficiency of waxy corn (93.0%) was substa...