ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND AMYLOID BETA Defining characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are memory defects, synaptic alterations, presence of neuroinflammatory mediators, and a progressive neurodegeneration. One of the histopathological hallmarks of the disease is the presence of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques; however, it seems that soluble oligomers, also called Aβ-derive-diffusible-ligands (ADD...

According to the "amyloid hypothesis," accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides in the brain is linked to the development of Alzheimer's disease. The aims of this investigation were to develop a model for the age-dependent amyloid accumulation and to quantify the age- and treatment-duration-dependent efficacy of the γ-secretase inhibitor MRK-560 in the Tg2576 transgenic mouse model of amyloid...

Abstract Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol found in tempeh, has not been investigated especially vitro as neuroprotective agent against 2-methoxyethanol (2-ME)-induced beta-amyloid cytotoxicity. Beta amyloid peptides (Aβ) could initiate neurotoxic events and neuron-inflammatory response via microglial activation. However, it remains unknown whether the effect of and/or associated with potential...

amyloid-β (aβ) self-assembly into cross-β amyloidfibrils is implicated in a causative role in alzheimer’s disease pathology.uncertainties persist regarding the mechanisms of amyloid self assembly and the role of metastable prefibrillar aggregates. aβ fibrilsfeature a sheet-turn-sheet motif in the constituent β-strands; as such, turn nucleation has been proposed as a rate-limiting step in the se...

Amylin (islet amyloid polypeptide) and amyloid-beta (Aβ) protein, which are deposited within pancreatic islets of diabetics and brains of Alzheimer's patients respectively, share many biophysical and physiological properties. Emerging evidence indicates that the amylin receptor is a putative target receptor for the actions of human amylin and Aβ in the brain. The amylin receptor consists of the...

Pathogenic neoangiogenesis in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is due to amyloid-beta (Aβ) and results in blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakiness in AD. It likely occurs as a compensatory response to impaired cerebral blood flow and provides a strong link between brain vascularity and AD. Aβ immunotherapy is an experimental treatment for AD; however, unexpected negative vascular side effects seen in early ...

This study aimed to investigate the independent and interactive influences of apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 and beta-amyloid (Aβ) on multiple cognitive domains in a large group of cognitively normal (CN) individuals and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Participants were included if clinical and cognitive assessments, amyloid imaging, and APOE genotype wer...

UNLABELLED The accumulation of extracellular amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles in the brain are two major neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is thought that an equilibrium exists between Aβ in the brain and in the peripheral blood and thus, it was hypothesized that shifting this equilibrium towards the blood by enhancing peripheral clea...

Herein, we assessed the effect of full native peptide amyloid-beta (Aβ) (1-42) and its fragments (25-35 35-25) on tissue transglutaminase (TG2) isoforms (TG2-Long TG2-Short) expression levels olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs). Vimentin glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) were also studied. The pre-treatment with indicaxanthin from Opuntia ficus-indica fruit TG2 isoforms, cell viability, total...

The biological mechanisms that link Beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaque deposition, neurodegeneration, and clinical decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia, have not been completely elucidated. Here we studied whether amyloid accumulation and neurodegeneration, independently or interactively, predict clinical decline over time in a group of memory impaired older individuals [diagnosed with either amn...