1. ABSTRACT The multi-layer dense media radiative transfer (DMRT) theory based on the quasicrystalline approximation (QCA) has been applied for studying both passive and active microwave remote sensing signatures [1], [2]. It is shown that the layered structure is essential to analyze the microwave emission from snow because high frequency is sensitive to the scattering from the medium top and ...

A new microwave satellite water vapour retrieval for the polar winter atmosphere is presented. The retrieval builds on the work of Miao et al. (2001) and Melsheimer and Heygster (2008), employing auxiliary information for atmospheric conditions and numerical optimization. It was tested using simulated and actual measurements from the Microwave Humidity Sounder (MHS) satellite instruments. Groun...

Microwave sounders have been used for many years to measure the thermodynamic state of the atmosphere, i.e. the three-dimensional distribution of temperature, water vapor and liquid water, both from space, from aircraft and from the ground. Currently, the most advanced satellite based microwave sounding system is the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU-A and-B) operating on a number of weath...

(i) Develop a three-dimensional hurricane-vortex initialization scheme using the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) data, radar, QuickSCAT, and other in situ and remote sensing observations; (ii) improve the formulations of cloud microphysics, boundary-layer physics and air-sea interactive processes in hurricane models; (iii) study the larger-scale environments that are favorable for, and ...

Abstract. We have derived the behavior of decadal temperature trends over 24 h local time, based on zonal averages SABER data, for years 2012 to 2014, from 20 100 km, within 48? Equator. Similar results not been available previously. find that trends, mean measurements at a fixed can be different those made time. The vary significantly in even hour hour. This agrees with some findings nighttime...