Hyperammonemia is a serious complication of liver disease and may lead to encephalopathy and death. This study investigated the effects of Commiphora molmol resin on oxidative stress, inflammation, and hematological alterations in ammonium chloride- (NH4Cl-) induced hyperammonemic rats, with an emphasis on the glutamate-NO-cGMP and Nrf2/ARE/HO-1 signaling pathways. Rats received NH4Cl and C. mo...

In order to grow in a simple salts medium in which ammonia provides the sole source of nitrogen, micro-organisms must possess some mechanism for the synthesis of amino acids from ammonia and intermediary metabolites. In many bacteria this requirement is fulfilled by the enzyme glutamate dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.4), which reductively aminates 2-oxoglutarate to glutamate. In other bacteria (partic...

Research was conducted to determine suitable chemical parameters as indicators of odor from decomposing food wastes. Prepared food scraps were stored in 18 l plastic buckets (2 kg wet weight each) at 20 °C and 8 °C to reproduce high and low temperature conditions. After 1, 3, 7, 10 and 14 days of storage, the odor from the buckets were marked to an intensity scale of 0 (no odor) to 5 (intense) ...

The widespread occurrence and diversity of ammonia oxidizing Archaea suggests their contribution to the nitrogen cycle is of global significance. Their distribution appeared limited to low- and moderate-temperature environments until the recent finding of a diagnostic membrane lipid, crenarchaeol, in terrestrial hot springs. We report here the cultivation of a thermophilic nitrifier ('Candidatu...

As a more compact, affordable and efficient alternative to traditional catalytic converters, hollow fibre-based reactors have significant potential in addressing the high nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission associated with combustion of green ammonia. In this work, performance series manganese (Mn)-based catalysts supported on three different carbon xerogels during ammonia-selective reduction (NH3-S...

Red mud, one of the mostly produced industrial wastes, was converted into a catalyst with exceptionally high and stable performance for hydrogen production from ammonia. Results showed that iron species produced after reduction of the HCl digested red mud were converted into ε-Fe2N during the induction period of ammonia decomposition reaction at 700 °C. The catalytic performance measurements in...

This study adopted high concentration aqueous solutions of ammonia for use in catalytic liquid-phase oxidation in a trickle-bed reactor with platinum-group metals (platinum-palladiumrhodium), prepared by the co-precipitation of H2PtCl6, Pd(NO3)3 and Rh(NO3)3. The experimental results revealed that a minimal amount of ammonia was removed from the solution by wet oxidation in the absence of any c...

OBJECTIVE Ammonia detoxification is essential for physiological well-being, and the urea cycle in liver plays a predominant role in ammonia disposal. Nobiletin (NOB), a natural dietary flavonoid, is known to exhibit various physiological efficacies. In the current study, we investigated a potential role of NOB in ammonia control and the underlying cellular mechanism. MATERIALS/METHODS C57BL/6...

Studies of the metabolism of glutamine and glutamate by renal cortex slices from acidotic, alkalotic, and control rats were performed. 88-95% of the glutamine and 104-115% of the glutamate taken up from the medium could be accounted for by the products found. Acidosis increased glutamine uptake and conversion to ammonia, CO(2), glucose, lactate, pyruvate, lipid, and protein. The increase in glu...

Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 and its ntrA (rpoN), ntrBC, and ntrC mutants have been evaluated for their capabilities of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) accumulation in media with high and low ammonia concentrations. It was observed that the ntrBC and ntrC mutants can produce PHB in both low- and high-C/N-ratio media, while no significant PHB production was observed for the wild type or the ntrA mut...