The transition from invertebrate calcium carbonate-based calcite and aragonite exo- and endoskeletons to the calcium phosphate-based vertebrate backbones and jaws composed of microscopic hydroxyapatite crystals is one of the great revolutions in the evolution of terrestrial organisms. To identify potential factors that might have played a role in such a transition, three key domains of the vert...

Determining the gender of the source of forensic DNA evidence is based on the amelogenin test. However, at times the assay may not be indicative of gender assignment, because of deletions at the amelogenin site. Previously, we described successful coamplification of a marker residing within the SRY gene with the short tandem repeat markers from two commercially available human identification ki...

Aim: The objective of this study was to develop a simplified, efficient, and accurate protocol for sexing of cattle meat based on the amelogenin (AMELX/AMELY) gene using PCR technique which is superior to earlier work in terms of band patterns. Materials and Methods: Based on the amelogenin gene located on the conservation region of X and Y chromosomes, a pair of primers was designed and the sy...

The present study aims to develop a highly safe regenerative therapy that effectively induces periodontal tissue regeneration by targeting amelogenin and its newly associated molecule, glucose-regulated protein 78 (Grp78). The enamel matrix derivative (Emdogain® Gel, Straumann) is currently the only bioregeneration tool in use that is approved by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welf...

The study of teeth reveals a lot concerning forensic medicine. Particularly it is useful in human identification. In addition to determination of age, sex can also be determined from teeth. The genetic difference between males and females is defined by the presence or absence of the Y-chromosome. The majority of the DNA of the sex chromosomes is specific to either the X or Y form. There are reg...