Increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality has been associated with the hyperphosphatemia seen in patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). Oral phosphate binders are prescribed in these patients to prevent intestinal absorption of dietary phosphate and reduce serum phosphate. In prospective observational cohorts they have shown to decrease all-cause and cardiovascular mortali...

nowadays use of detergents and cleaners becomes one of the essential of human life's. since these materials enter to the sewage systems, due to the existing poly phosphate, reacts with water and gradually becomes into phosphate ions and cause too many environmental problems that always have considered environmentalists. this study examined three factors was investigated in the removal of p...

In this study, a Fe-based amorphous metallic coating (AMC) was sealed with three sealants, i.e., stearic acid, aluminum phosphate and cerium salt, respectively. Two types of electrochemical tests, namely the ex situ impedance spectroscopy test in potentiostatic polarization test, were conducted to evaluate erosion–corrosion resistance as-sprayed as-sealed AMCs. The results show that phosphate–s...

A controlled field trial to determine the efficacy of a single dose of an aluminium phosphate-adsorbed cholera vaccine was conducted in Calcutta during 1975-77. An aluminium phosphate-adsorbed tetanus toxoid was used as the placebo. Follow-up of the immunized volunteers for a period of two years showed that the adsorbed cholera vaccine provided 100% protection to children under five years of ag...

Prior to colonoscopy, bowel cleansing is performed for which frequently oral sodium phosphate (OSP) is used. OSP results in significant hyperphosphatemia and cases of acute kidney injury (AKI) referred to as acute phosphate nephropathy (APN; characterized by nephrocalcinosis) are reported after OSP use, which led to a US-FDA warning. To improve the safety profile of OSP, it was evaluated whethe...

Background: The reuse of treated municipal wastewater is an important source of water for different ,purposes. This study evaluated the efficiency of the electrocoagulation process in removing turbidity,a total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrate, and phosphate from wastewater at the treatment facility in Karaj, Iran. Methods: This experimental study was performed at ...