in this study, a complex crop model was developed that integrates the various components of swap and csm-ceres-maize (dssat v4.0) model with the purpose of developing a more efficient model and according to the internal requirements. in the hybrid model, ceres-maize supplies swap model with daily leaf area index and root depth and on the other hand swap model supplies ceres-maize with daily wea...

The CERES-Maize model was developed to investigate how variations in environmental conditions, management decisions, and genetics interact to a€ect crop development and growth. A tile drainage subroutine was incorporated into CERES-Maize to improve soil-water and nitrogen leaching under subsurface tile drainage conditions. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the soil-water, soil-nitrogen, ...

Polygonal impact craters (PICs) are supposed to form as a result of impacts into structure systems within the target. The an umbrella term which encompass faults, joints, fractures, lithographic boundaries, and other planes weakness. These defined having at least two linear rim segments with recognizable angle between segments. PICs have been reported on both rocky icy bodies including Ceres. U...

Crop models are important for understanding and regulating agroecosystems. Although the CERES-Wheat model is an tool winter wheat research, it has some limitations under water stress conditions. To narrow gap, this study aimed to improve performance of in arid semi-arid regions based on experimental data from 2012 2014. The Priestley–Taylor (PT) FAO56 Penman–Monteith (PM) equations were used ca...

The radiation budget at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) is a quantity of fundamental importance to the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program. Thus, it is necessary to measure the radiation budget components, broadband shortwave (SW) albedo and outgoing longwave radiation, as accurately as possible. Measurement of TOA broadband albedos over the ARM surface sites has only been possible ...

Surface incident solar radiation (Rs) plays an important role in climate change on Earth. Recently, the use of satellite-retrieved datasets to obtain global-scale Rs with high spatial and temporal resolutions has become indispensable tool for research related fields. Many studies were carried out evaluation based monthly satellite retrievals; however, few evaluations have been performed their d...

The Dwarf Planet Ceres revealed the presence of ammonia and other unique properties compared to asteroids in main belt which suggests that it was not formed situ. We model early dynamical evolution outer Solar System study possible mechanisms implant a Ceres-sized planetesimal asteroid from trans-Saturnian region. calculate fraction population planetesimals are captured is range 2.8e-5 1.2e-3 d...

Abstract Uncertainty in Arctic top‐of‐atmosphere (TOA) radiative flux observations stems from the low sun angles and heterogeneous scenes. Advancing our understanding of climate system requires improved TOA fluxes. We compare Cloud Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) fluxes with Radiation‐IceBridge Sea Ice Experiment (ARISE) airborne measurements using two approaches: grid box averages instan...