The concept of algebraic hyperstructures introduced by Marty as a generalization of ordinary algebraic structures. In an ordinary algebraic structure, the composition of two elements is an element, while in an algebraic hyperstructure, the composition of two elements is a set. The concept of ?-semihyperrings is a generalization of semirings, a generalization of semihyper‌rings and a generalizat...

In this article we use our constructions from [BS05] to lay down some foundations for the application of A. Robinson's nonstandard methods to modern Algebraic Geometry. The main motivation is the search for another tool to transfer results from characteristic zero to positive characteristic and vice versa. We give applications to the resolution of singularities and weak factorization.

Shapes of biological macromolecules--RNA, DNA, and proteins--can be represented by abstract algebraic structures provided that a suitably coarse resolution is chosen. These abstract structures, for instance partially ordered sets and permutation groups, can be used for deriving new metric distances between bimolecular shapes and for proving surprising theorems on sequence-structure relations.

This talk reviews those efforts in automatic theorem proving, during the past few years, which have emphasized techniques other than resolution. These include: knowledge bases, natural deduction, reduction, (rewrite rules), typing, procedures, advice, controlled forward chaining, algebraic simplification, built-in associativity and commutativity, models, analogy, and man-machine systems. Exampl...

‎The concept of self-similarity on subsets of algebraic varieties‎ ‎is defined by considering algebraic endomorphisms of the variety‎ ‎as `similarity' maps‎. ‎Self-similar fractals are subsets of algebraic varieties‎ ‎which can be written as a finite and disjoint union of‎ ‎`similar' copies‎. ‎Fractals provide a framework in which‎, ‎one can‎ ‎unite some results and conjectures in Diophantine g...

Spend your few moment to read a book even only few pages. Reading book is not obligation and force for everybody. When you don't want to read, you can get punishment from the publisher. Read a book becomes a choice of your different characteristics. Many people with reading habit will always be enjoyable to read, or on the contrary. For some reasons, this computer methods for ordinary different...

Computed laminography (CL) is an alternative to computed tomography if large objects are to be inspected with high resolution. This is especially true for planar objects. Algebraic reconstruction technique (ART) enhance the quality of laminographic images and permits scanning geometries which cannot be reconstructed by conventional tomosynthesis. Thus ART expands the capabilities of 3D inspecti...

This survey accompanies the Josiah Williard Gibbs Lecture that I gave at the 2016 Joint Mathematics Meetings. It provides an introduction to three topics: algebraic and spectral graph theory, the sparsification of graphs, and the recent resolution of the Kadison–Singer Problem. The first and third are connected by the second.