Biological endophenotypes are more proximal to gene function than psychiatric diagnosis, providing a powerful strategy in searching for genes in psychiatric disorders. These intermediate phenotypes identify both affected and unaffected members of an affected family, including offspring at risk, providing a more direct connection with underlying biological vulnerability. The Collaborative Study ...

The rate of axis II disorders in alcohol-dependent individuals is suggested to be high. The aim of this investigation is to assess the rate of DSM-IV axis II diagnoses in alcohol-dependent inpatients and their correlation with clinical characteristics of alcohol dependence (AD). 1,079 inpatients with DSM-IV AD from three inpatient addiction treatment centers ('qualified detoxification', open ps...

Early-childhood trauma is strongly associated with developing mental health problems, including alcohol dependence, later in life. People with early-life trauma may use alcohol to help cope with trauma-related symptoms. This article reviews the prevalence of early-childhood trauma and its robust association with the development of alcohol use disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder. It also...

Alcohol dependence is among the leading causes of psychiatric morbidity the world over, and it is estimated that there are more than 63 million males with alcohol-dependence-related disorders (World Health Organization, 2004). In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), alcohol dependence is known to be related to risky sexual behaviors and depressive disorders in males (Institute of Medicine, 2010; Pitso & O...

Research on the treatment of alcoholism has gained significant ground over the past 40 years. Studies such as the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism's Project MATCH, which examined the prospect of tailoring treatments for particular people to better suit their needs, and Project COMBINE, which examined in-depth, cognitive-behavioral therapy and medical management, helped pave th...

AIMS To assess the concurrent and the construct validity of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in an urban Brazilian sample. METHODS A random sample of 166 clients of a health management organization, participated in this study. They were visited in their households and completed a self-report questionnaire, which included the AUDIT. Later, they answered the alcohol-related...

among older adults in primary care. J Gen Intern Med 2007; 22: 92–7. 25. St John P, Montgomery P, Tyas L. Alcohol misuse, gender and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling seniors. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2008; 24: 369–75. 26. Bolton M, Robinson J, Sareen J. Self-medication of mood disorders with alcohol and drugs in the National epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions. J Aff...

conclusions: relationships between the spiritual intelligence and resiliency parameters with withdrawal time show that these parameters can have a role in relapse protection among addicted people. results: there were significant positive correlations between resiliency and scores of spiritual intelligence as well as with subscales of spiritual intelligence. in addition, there were significant p...

Suicide is among the leading causes of death in the United States, ranking 10th to 12th annually, depending on the year. Rates of suicide increase markedly among Americans over age 75, especially among white men. After age 85, rates are >5-fold higher in this group than in the general population. The relationship between alcohol use and later-life suicide is complex and currently ill defined. S...

Bedford et al 1 have recently added to the strong existing evidence that a substantial part of the pedestrian accident problem arises from intoxicated pedestrians. We have recently reviewed 2 this, and would like to add three points. The first is that among pedestrian fatalities having a positive BAC (blood alcohol concentration), a high proportion have a very high BAC indeed (over, say, .150)....