This paper reports on microscale silicon-based direct formic acid fuel cells (Si-DFAFCs) in which the fuel and the oxidant are supplied to the electrodes in a passive manner. Passive delivery of fuel and oxidant eliminates the need for ancillary components and associated parasitic losses. In this Si-DFAFC, an aqueous solution of formic acid is in direct contact with a Pdor Pt-based anode and a ...

Mesoporous single-crystalline V2O5 nanorods assembled into novel hollow microspheres have been synthesized as cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries by a simple solvothermal treatment of NH4VO3 and ethylene glycol with subsequent annealing in air at 400 °C, which delivered a very high reversible capacity of 145.8 mA h g(-1) at 2.5-4.0 V (vs. theoretical value: 147 mA h g(-1)) with much imp...

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology is promising for wastewater treatment because it enables recovery of clean electric energy as wastewater organic matter is oxidized. The preferred oxidant is the oxygen in air because it is cheap and readily available, but the efficiency of oxygen reduction is constrained by operating conditions (low oxygen solubility, temperature and mostly neutral pH). Con...

In this paper, a special micro DMFC using MEMS technology is designed to work in a circumrotating condition, which providing power using inertia over-load. The designed cell is a cylinder, anode channel is inside, cathode is outside and exposes to the air. When the overload exceeds the critical value, the liquid inside reserve tank will splash and comes into the two electrodes, and then the cel...

Electron microscopy has been used to study the degradation of organic solar cells when exposed to humid air. Devices with various different combinations of commonly used organic solar cell hole transport layers and cathode materials have been investigated. In this way the ingress of water and the effect it has on devices could be studied. It was found that calcium and aluminum in the cathode bo...

Thylakoid membranes have previously been used for electrochemical solar energy conversion, but the current output and open circuit voltage are low, in part due to limitations of the cathode. In this paper, a thylakoid bioanode and laccase biocathode were combined in the construction of a bio-solar cell capable of light-induced generation of electrical power. This two-compartment cell showed a g...

A new class of dual metal and N doped carbon catalysts with well-defined porous structure derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has been developed as a high-performance electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Furthermore, the microbial fuel cell (MFC) device based on the as-prepared Ni/Co and N codoped carbon as air cathode catalyst achieves a maximum power density of 4335.6...

Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells are highly efficient energy converters and provide electrical energy, cathode exhaust gas with low oxygen concentration and water. They are investigated as replacement for auxiliary power units (APU) that are currently used for electrical power generation on aircraft. For generation of oxygen depleted cathode exhaust air (ODA) oxygen concentration m...

We have fabricated organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cell that uses a Ti/Au multilayer as cathode and does not use electron transport materials, and achieved the highest power conversion efficiency close to 13% with high reproducibility and hysteresis-free photocurrent curves. Our cell has a Schottky planar heterojunction structure (ITO/PEDOT:PSS/perovskite/Ti/Au), in which the Ti inser...

The design and operating characteristics of relativistic, electron beam magnetrons are described. The magnetrons are comprised of a pulsed field-emission cathode (-360kV, ~15kA, -30nsec) and several coupled resonators embedded in the anode block. The tubes are designed to work at fixed frequency, in range from 2.3 to 5GHz. The peak powers generated are typically 500 to 1000MW. *This work was su...