The two-parts state-of-art overview of aggregation theory summarizes the essential information concerning aggregation issues. Overview of aggregation properties is given, including the basic classification of aggregation functions. In this first part, the stress is put on means, i.e., averaging aggregation functions, both with fixed arity (n-ary means) and with open arity (extended means).

We develop a monopolistically competitive model of trade with firm heterogeneity in terms of productivity differences and endogenous differences in the 'toughness' of competition across markets in terms of the number and average productivity of competing firms. We analyze how these features vary across markets of different size that are not perfectly integrated through trade; we then study the ...

introduction: the purpose of this study was to compare the histocompatibility of white (wmta) and gray (gmta) mineral trioxide aggregate mixed with 0.12% chlorhexidine (chx) and distilled water (dw) in subcutaneous connective tissues of rats. materials and methods: the freshly mixed wmta and gmta with chx or dw were inserted in polyethylene tubes and implanted into dorsal subcutaneous connectiv...

introduction: candida albicans (ca) is by far the most common yeast of oral infections, including endodontic infections. the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the antifungal effect of white-colored mineral trioxide aggregate (wmta) and portland cement (pc) using a tube-dilution test. materials and methods: wmta and pc were tested freshly mixed and after 24 h. the experiment was perf...

background and aim: formocresol (fc) is yet, the most common medication used for pulpotomy of primary teeth. however, its potential hazards including toxicity, mutagenicity and even some degrees of carcinogenicity are the remaining sources of concern to clinicians. this investigation was aimed at comparing the clinical success level of mta (case) treated pulps of primary teeth to that of formoc...

statement of problem: pulpotomy is the most common pulp treatment of primary molars. formocresol pulpotomy has enjoyed long-term clinical use and success, but concerns over its toxicity and mutagenicity have prompted research into other pulpotomy techniques. purpose: the aim of the present study was to compare the relative success of formocresol, ferric sulfate and mta pulpotomy methods in prim...

Range-aggregate queries are to apply a certain aggregate function on all tuples within given query ranges. Existing approaches to range-aggregate queries are insufficient to quickly provide accurate results in big data environments. In this paper, we propose FastRAQ a fast approach to range-aggregate queries in big data environments. FastRAQ approach on the Linux platform, and evaluate its perf...

Accurately estimating the cardinality of aggregate views is crucial for logical and physical design of data warehouses. While the warehouse is under development and data are not available yet, the approaches based on accessing data cannot be adopted. This paper proposes an approach to estimate the cardinality of views based on a-priori information derived from the application domain. We face th...

Article history: Received 12 May 2010 Received in revised form 6 March 2011 Accepted 26 May 2011 Available online 7 June 2011