Bone marrow adipocyte formation plays a role in bone homeostasis and whole body energy metabolism. However, the transcriptional landscape and signaling pathways associated with adipocyte lineage commitment and maturation are not fully delineated. Thus, we performed global gene expression profiling during adipocyte differentiation of human bone marrow stromal (mesenchymal) stem cells (hMSCs) and...

Adipose tissue is central to metabolic homeostasis, signaling in part through the secretion of molecules termed adipokines. Circadian rhythms play an important role in adipose physiology, with plasma adipokine concentration and approximately 20 % of the murine adipose transcriptome undergoing 24 h variation. However, due to the heterogeneity of adipose tissue and rhythmical input from both neur...

Mice null for adipocyte fatty acid binding protein ( A FABP) compensate by increasing expression of keratinocyte fatty acid binding protein (KFABP) (Hotamisligil et al. S c i e n c e 274:1377–1379, 1996). In the present s t u d y, AFABP knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice became equally obese on a high-fat diet, as judged by fat pad weights, adipocyte size, and body composition analysis. High...

The development of adipocytes in mice and humans follows a well-defined pathway that commences with a common pluripotent mesenchymal stem cell (MSC), ie., adipogenesis [1]. The early steps of the pathway leading to the generation and the commitment of MSCs to an adipocyte lineage are unknown. Hypothetically, the determination of the fate of MSCs occurs early in cell differentiation (“commitment...

The oxidative phosphorylation system is important for adipocyte differentiation. Therefore, xenobiotics inhibitors of the oxidative phosphorylation system could affect adipocyte differentiation and adipokine secretion. As adipokines impact the overall health status, these xenobiotics may have wide effects on human health. Some of these xenobiotics are widely used therapeutic drugs, such as ribo...

The increased white adipose tissue (WAT) mass associated with obesity is the result of both hyperplasia and hypertrophy of adipocytes. However, the mechanisms controlling adipocyte number are unknown in part because the identity of the physiological adipocyte progenitor cells has not been defined in vivo. In this report, we employ a variety of approaches, including a noninvasive assay for follo...

Genes that control the early stages of adipogenesis remain largely unknown. Here, we show that murine GATA-2 and GATA-3 are specifically expressed in white adipocyte precursors and that their down-regulation sets the stage for terminal differentiation. Constitutive GATA-2 and GATA-3 expression suppressed adipocyte differentiation and trapped cells at the preadipocyte stage. This effect is media...

Leptin has profound effects on adipose tissue metabolism. However, it remains unclear whether direct leptin signaling in adipocytes is involved. We addressed this question by transplanting inguinal adipose tissue stromal vascular cells (SVCs) from 4- to 5-wk-old wild-type (WT) and leptin receptor-deficient [Lepr(db/db) (db)] mice to inguinal and sternal subcutaneous sites in Ncr nude mice. Both...

Three antipeptide antibodies were prepared by immunizing rabbits with synthesized short peptides corresponding to residues 215-226, 466-479, and 478-492 predicted from the cDNA of both the human hepatoma HepG2 and rat brain glucose transporters. All three antibodies were found to precipitate quantitatively the [3H]cytochalasin B photoaffinity-labeled human erythrocyte glucose transporter. Each ...