BACKGROUND Alcoholic cardiomyopathy is manifested as ventricular dysfunction, although its specific toxic mechanism remains obscure. This study was designed to examine the impact of enhanced acetaldehyde exposure on cardiac function via cardiac-specific overexpression of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) after alcohol intake. METHODS ADH transgenic and wild-type FVB mice were placed on a 4% alcohol...

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) and common descent interact in space and time. Because events of HGT co-occur with phylogenetic evolution, it is difficult to depict evolutionary patterns graphically. Tree-like representations of life's diversification are useful, but they ignore the significance of HGT in evolutionary history, particularly of unicellular organisms, ancestors of multicellular lif...

This study presents a systematic design of biocatalytic membrane reactor, where we combined physical adsorption and chemical conjugation Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH) in novel type polyelectrolyte (PE) layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly system. The hybrid LbL structure is proposed as strategy to simultaneously advance activity operational stability enzymes immobilized on surface. Using poly(allylamine...

The distributions of class III alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), a glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase, and class I ADH in the human brain were examined immunohistochemically. The most intense immunostaining of class III ADH was observed in the dendrites and cytoplasm of cerebellar Purkinje cells. Scattered cerebral cortical neurons in layers IV and V, and some hippocampal pyramidal neu...

A novel amperometric ethanol biosensor was constructed using alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) physically immobilized within poly(vinyl alcohol)-multiwalled carbon nanotube (PVA-MWCNT) composite obtained by a freezing-thawing process. It comprises a MWCNT conduit, a PVA binder, and an ADH function. The measurement of ethanol is based on the signal produced by beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (N...

Silicate-encapsulated yeast alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) can be employed as a sensor for shortchained alcohols in standard aqueous, harsh nonaqueous, and gas-phase environments. Specifically, the implementation of sensing schemes based on encapsulated ADH/NAD+ or ADH/NADH, and utilization of changes in fluorescence from the soluble, reduced cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) upon ...

Impaired ethanol metabolism can lead to various alcohol-related health problems. Key enzymes in ethanol metabolism are alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH); however, neuroendocrine pathways that regulate the activities of these enzymes are largely unexplored. Here we identified a neuroendocrine system involving Corazonin (Crz) neuropeptide and its receptor (CrzR) as imp...

The activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), catalase, microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) were measured in gastric, small intestinal, colonic and rectal mucosal samples of rats fed on a liquid alcohol diet for 1 month. In the rectum and large intestine of control animals, the activities of ADH, MEOS and catalase were maximal, whereas the activity of A...

Escherichia coli mutants lacking alcohol dehydrogenase (adh mutants) cannot synthesize the fermentation product ethanol and are unable to grow anaerobically on glucose and other hexoses. Similarly, phosphotransacetylase-negative mutants (pta mutants) neither excrete acetate nor grow anaerobically. However, when a strain carrying an adh deletion was selected for anaerobic growth on glucose, spon...