Objective This study aims to assess the preoperative nutritional status of patients and the role it plays in the occurrence of clinical complications in the postoperative period of major elective cardiac surgeries. Methods Cross-sectional study comprising 72 patients aged 20 years or older, who underwent elective cardiac surgery. The preoperative nutritional assessment consisted of nutritiona...

The prey-processing behavior and jaw-adducting musculature of tetraodontiform fishes provide a novel system for studying the evolution of muscles and their function. The history of this clade has involved a pattern of repeated 'duplications' of jaw muscles by physical subdivision of pre-existing muscles. As a result, the number of adductor mandibulae muscles in different taxa varies from as few...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine whether resection of the nerve that innervates the origin of the adductor muscle group in addition to an adductor fasciotomy will decrease pain and improve function in patients with a chronic "groin pull." METHODS The authors conducted a retrospective multicenter chart review of 12 patients presenting with refractory groin pull. In two pat...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS When the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is injured, functional recovery may be limited by the number of axons that regrow across the site of injury, and by the proportions of these axons that reinnervate the antagonistic muscle (synkinesis). This process was investigated in a computer model of RLN recovery. STUDY DESIGN Computer simulation. METHODS The developed compu...

Polymesoda expansa spends a considerable portion of its life exposed to air in mangrove swamps where salinity fluctuates greatly. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of aerial exposure (transfer from 10 per thousand brackish water directly to air) or salinity changes (transfer from 10 per thousand brackish water directly to 30 per thousand seawater) on nitrogen metabolism in...

We examined the spatio-temporal relationship between neurotrophic factor receptor (NTF-R) expression and motoneuron (MN) survival in the developing avian spinal cord and observed heterogeneity in the expression of NTF-Rs between, but not within, pools of MNs projecting to individual muscles. We then focused on the role of NTFs in regulating the survival of one motor pool of MNs, all of which in...

Conflicting data exist regarding the anatomical relationship of the saphenous and infrapatellar nerves at the adductor canal and the location of the superior foramen of the canal. Therefore, the authors performed a cadaveric study to detail the relationship and course of the saphenous and infrapatellar nerves and the level of the superior foramen of the canal. The adductor canal and subsartoria...

Long-standing symphyseal and adductor-related groin pain is a common problem for many athletes, and requires a multidisciplinary approach. Radiological evaluation of symptomatic individuals is a cornerstone in the diagnostic workup, and should be based on precise and reliable diagnostic terms and imaging techniques. The authors performed a review of the existing original evidence-based radiolog...

The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether various agents (adenosine 3-thiotriphosphate [ATP gamma S], trifluoperazine [TFP], troponin I, the catalytic subunit of the cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate dependent protein kinase [C-subunit], and calmodulin [CaM]) could be used to classify skinned fiber types, and then to determine whether the proposed mechanisms for Ca2+ regulat...

Vascular malformations of the muscle are rare non-proliferative vascular lesions, and few case reports have described intramuscular in upper extremities. may produce musculoskeletal deformities due to contracture. Symptomatic commonly treated with surgery interventional management. We report a malformation that could not be completely resected. It caused adduction contracture thumb hand. Sclero...