Aging leads to a decline in strength and an associated loss of independence. The authors examined changes in muscle volume, maximum isometric joint moment, functional strength, and 1-repetition maximum (1RM) after resistance training (RT) in the upper extremity of older adults. They evaluated isometric joint moment and muscle volume as predictors of functional strength. Sixteen healthy older ad...

OBJECTIVE To determine if baseline 3-dimensional (3-D) biomechanical gait patterns differed between those patients with moderate knee osteoarthritis (OA) who progressed to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and those that did not, and whether these differences had predictive value. METHODS Fifty-four patients with knee OA had ground reaction forces and segment motions collected during gait. 3-D hi...

BACKGROUND Identification of biomechanical risk factors associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury can facilitate injury prevention. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of three foot landing positions, "toe-in", "toe-out" and "neutral", on biomechanical risk factors for ACL injury in males and females. The authors hypothesize that 1) relative to neutral, the toe...

BACKGROUND Medialization of the cup with a respective increase in femoral offset has been proposed in THA to increase abductor moment arms. Insofar as there are potential disadvantages to cup medialization, it is important to ascertain whether the purported biomechanical benefits of cup medialization are large enough to warrant the downsides; to date, studies regarding this question have disagr...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most frequent cause of disability in the United States, with the medial compartment of the knee being most commonly affected. The initiation and progression of knee OA is influenced by many factors, including kinematics. In response to loading during weight-bearing activity, cartilage in healthy knees demonstrates spatial adaptations in morphology and mechanical prope...

PURPOSE Osteoarthritis of the knee is one of the most common diseases. For this chronic disease, modified footwear structure can effectively prevent and relieve disease of the knee. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of shoe surface elastic modulus on external knee adduction moment and ground reaction force and foot loading characteristics. METHODS Sixteen healthy female volunte...

Biomechanical non-invasive interventions have been previously reported to reduce pain and facilitate superior levels of function in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis [OA]. One such treatment is the AposTherapy, a customized program utilizing a foot-worn biomechanical device allowing center of pressure modification and continuous perturbation during gait. The influence of this interventio...

As the prevalence of obesity continues to increase at the population level, there is increasing concern about the impact of co-morbidities such as osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is a loading-related disease and its development and progression have been linked to excess body weight [1]. Changes in gait biomechanics, particularly at the knee, have been associated with increasing osteoarthritis se...

BACKGROUND High dynamic loads of the medial knee are associated with tibiofemoral osteoarthritis (OA) severity and progression. The lower extremity acts as an integrated kinetic unit, thus treatments targeting adjacent segments may promote reductions in the loading of a symptomatic knee. This study examined the biomechanical effects of a lower extremity exercise regimen, emphasizing training of...