Ascites, oliguria and increasing serum creatinine levels are often noted in patients with acute kidney injury. However, these presentations are also observed in patients with intraperitoneal urinary leakage. Bladder perforation without obvious trauma is sometimes mistaken for acute kidney injury. We report two cases of bladder perforation resembling acute kidney injury. The first case was a 37-...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the predictive value of the pediatric-modified Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, End-stage renal disease criteria for disease course severity in patients with or without acute kidney injury admitted to a PICU. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING A 12-bed PICU at a tertiary referral center in Southern Brazil. PATIENTS All patients admitted to the study unit over a 1...

Fluid therapy remains one of the fundamental treatment options available for patients with acute kidney injury. However, there remains debate over several aspects of this treatment with many questions unanswered. Firstly, how do we prescribe fluid in this group of patients? Secondly, what is the role of fluid therapy in patients with or at risk of developing acute kidney injury and thirdly, wha...

Introduction: Monoclonal Gammopathy of Renal Significance (MGRS) is an immunoglobulin proliferative disorder that leads to the destruction of the renal glomerular basement membrane and progression to end-stage renal disease. The pathogenesis of MGRS is similar to that of multiple myeloma and chronic lymphocytic lymphoma but lacks criteria for either disease. This inability to characterize the d...

OBJECTIVE Acute kidney injury is common in critically ill patients and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Patients across the spectrum of critical illness have acute kidney injury. This requires clinicians from across disciplines to be familiar with recent advances in definitions, diagnosis, prevention, and management of acute kidney injury in the intensive care unit. The p...

BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury occurs commonly in hospitalized patients and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Although renal ultrasound is often performed, its clinical utility in determining of the cause of acute kidney injury, particularly the detection of urinary tract obstruction, is not established. METHODS Retrospective cohort study of all adult inpatients that und...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the frequency of intra-abdominal hypertension in major burn patients and its association with the occurrence of acute kidney injury. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study of a population of burn patients hospitalized in a specialized intensive care unit. A convenience sample was taken of adult patients hospitalized in the period from 1 August 2015 to 31 October 201...

OBJECTIVES To inform the pediatric intensivist of recent advancements in acute kidney injury diagnosis and management. DATA SOURCES Studies were identified from MEDLINE (OVID), PubMed, and the Cochrane Library for topics relevant to acute kidney injury. We also reviewed bibliographies of relevant studies. DATA EXTRACTION, SYNTHESIS, AND OUTLINE REVIEW: Because of the lack of prospective trial...

Acute kidney injury is an increasingly common and potentially catastrophic complication in hospitalized patients. Early observational studies from the 1980s and 1990s established the general epidemiologic features of acute kidney injury: the incidence, prognostic significance, and predisposing medical and surgical conditions. Recent multicenter observational cohorts and administrative databases...