The global decline of amphibians has sparked interest in the role that pesticides may play. Pesticides in nature typically exist in combinations, but given the vast number of chemicals used, most toxicological experiments necessarily have examined one pesticide at a time. I examined how four commercial formulations of pesticides (diazinon, carbaryl, malathion, and glyphosate) affected the survi...

Pot experiment on the comparison of the nematicidal potentials of poultry manure with carbofuran on M. incognita infected cowpea was carried out to determine whether poultry manure can be substituted for carbofuran. Carbofuran and poultry manure were applied at doses of 2 kg active ingredient (a.i.)/ha and 2t/ha respectively, singly and in combination to potted cowpea plants arranged in Complet...

The improved cleanup of marine oil spills by stimulating biodegradation through the use of a slow-release fertilizer is reported. A paraffin-supported fertilizer containing MgNH4PO4 as active ingredient was developed and evaluated in laboratory and field experiments using quantitative infrared spectrometry and chromatographic techniques. The biodegradation of Sarir crude oil in the sea was cons...

The active ingredient of TrimaxTM insecticide is Imidacloprid. This insecticide provides control of the major sucking/piercing insects of cotton. In addition, there have been anecdotal reports of yield and growth enhancement in cotton after multiple foliar applications of Trimax. However, the information on the mode of action of the growth-and-yield enhancement properties imposed by Trimax is l...

The insecticidal activity and residual effect of two formulations of lambdacyhalothrin were evaluated with Rhodnius prolixus; laboratory and field tests were conducted in the State of Chiapas, Mexico. The results indicate that the lethal concentrations of the active ingredient of SC (LC50 = 2.37 and LC90 = 8.5 mg, a.i./m2) were 4-8 times than those with the insecticide WP applied on R. prolixus...

In the cation of the title compound, C(22)H(24)N(3)O(4) (+)·Cl(-), an active ingredient of the anti-cancer drug also known as Tarceva, the quinazoline ring system is planar within 0.044 (3) Å. The dihedral angle formed by the mean planes of the two six-membered quinazoline rings is 3.2 (1)°. Both N-bound H atoms participate in N-H⋯Cl bonds, which link the ions into infinite chains running along...

Recently, vector-borne diseases have been resurging in endemic areas and expanding their geographic range into nonendemic areas. Such changes have refocused attention to the potential for major public health events, as naive populations are exposed to these pathogens. Personal topical repellents, recommended by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and World Health Organi...

In this Laboratory Exercise, we will determine the amount of active ingredient in a commercial face wash; Sodium Salicylate. We will accomplish this by conducting a spectrophotometric analysis of the preparation at the wavelength of maximal absorbance for this compound when complexed with Fe 3+ . The resulting absorbance measurement will be correlated against calibration standards, using Beer’s...

For locally acting drug products such as nasal aerosols and nasal sprays, therapeutic equivalence between two drug products may be established by in vitro bioequivalence studies based on measurements intended to reflect the rate and extent to which the active ingredient becomes available at the site of action. For cascade impaction or multistage liquid impinger for particle size distribution, p...

BACKGROUND As the date for the introduction of biosimilars in the United States approaches, questions remain regarding the naming, coding, and approval process for these agents that will need to be carefully considered. OBJECTIVES To (a) ascertain pharmacists' awareness of and comfort level with biosimilars and (b) determine the impact of identical or different nonproprietary names on pharmac...