Fast pyrolysis oils are one source of renewable liquid fuels, which could be used as green fuels in a sustainable manner. The ASTM D664 method used to determine the acidic constituents in petroleum products, lubricants, and biodiesel requires mixtures of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and toluene as solvent. The ASTM method also uses large quantities of solvents for the total acid number (TAN) determi...

The most important characteristics of chitosans, which make them useful as delivery vectors for drugs and therapeutic proteins, are their excellent mucoadhesive and absorption enhancing properties [1-3]. The mucoadhesion is due to the electrostatic interaction between the positive charge on the chitosan polymer and the negatively charged sialic acid residues on the mucosal surface [4]. Because ...

Several cobalt porphyrins (CoP) have been reduced by radiation chemical, photochemical, and electrochemical methods, in aqueous and organic solvents. In aqueous solutions, the CoIP state is stable at high pH but is shorter lived in neutral and acidic solutions. Stable CoIP is also observed in organic solvents and is unreactive toward CO2. One-electron reduction of CoIP leads to formation of a s...

A linear hydrogen-bond acidic (HBA) linear functionalized polymer (PLF), was deposited onto a bare surface acoustic wave (SAW) device to fabricate a chemical sensor. Real-time responses of the sensor to a series of compounds including sarin (GB), dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), mustard gas (HD), chloroethyl ethyl sulphide (2-CEES), 1,5-dichloropentane (DCP) and some organic solvents were stu...

The modified extended Hansen method was tested for the first time to determine partial solubility parameters of non-polymeric pharmaceutical excipients. The method was formerly tested with drug molecules, and is based upon a regression analysis of the logarithm of the mole fraction solubility of the solute against the partial solubility parameters of a series of solvents of different chemical c...

at pH 5.0 run slowly through, when aminoacetone is retained and ALA runs out. After the column has been washed with water the aminoacetone is eluted with HCl. For subsequent chromatography the eluate is evaporated to dryness in vacuo, the aminoacetone hydrochloride extracted with absolute ethanol and the bulky precipitate of NaCl filtered off. The solution is then sufficiently salt-free for mos...

Microcystins are a group of toxic compounds produced by freshwater cyanobacteria and cause diseases. World Health Organization has recommended a concentration of 1 µg/l for Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) in potable water as guideline value. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) followed by C18 analytical column and ultra violet detector for detection of MC-LR. In this regard, 5 different co...

Rate coefficients for terminal acetate (g-O2CCH3) substitution from the [Mo3(l3-O)2(l-O2CCH3)6 (g-O2CCH3)3] anion were examined in polar protic (D2O and methanol-d4), polar aprotic (DMSO-d6 and DMF-d7) and acidic solvents (acetic acid-d4). Reaction rates were determined using variable-temperature H NMR and found to span orders of magnitude depending on the solvent (k K (s!1) = 7.2 " 10!6 for D2...

introduction: the aim of this study was to compare the effect of post space preparation with gates glidden drills or hand files on the sealing ability of gutta-percha or resilon obturation materials. materials and methods: one-hundred and four single-rooted human teeth were instrumented and divided into four experimental groups (n=21 each) and two groups of positive and negative control (n=10)....