Dimers and higher order oligomers, whether in the gas or particle phase, can affect important atmospheric processes such as new particle formation, and gas-particle partitioning. In this study, the thermodynamics of dimer formation from various oxidation products of α-pinene ozonolysis are investigated using a combination of Monte Carlo configuration sampling, semi-empirical and density functio...

This study was conducted to evaluate the chemical composition and fatty acids profile of six predominant date seed cultivars grown in Iran including Barhi, Estamaran, Mazafati, Khasi, Kharak and Zahedi and the biological effects of their tannins based on in vitro gas production. Organic matter digestibility (OMD), metabolizable energy (ME) and concentration of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) wer...

Partial derivatives of hyocholic acid were formed under the usual conditions for trifluoroacetylation of bile acids (trifluoroacetic anhydride, 35 degrees C for 20 min). Complete trifluoroacetylation of hyocholic acid was achieved at 80 degrees C for 30 min, or at 60 degrees C for 30 min when a trace of pyridine was added to the reaction mixture.

Each second, the rivers of the world add 109 kg of fresh water to the oceans, and with this water comes tremendous quantities of salts, clay minerals, and other suspended solids. Although the Amazon River makes the largest contribution of fresh water to the sea, its waters are relatively uncontaminated. On the other hand, the Mississippi River, the third largest river, which delivers only about...

The recently developed technique of field-induced droplet ionization (FIDI) is applied to study interfacial chemistry of a single droplet. In a new variation of the FIDI method, 1-2-mm-diameter droplets hang from a capillary and undergo heterogeneous reactions between solution-phase analytes and gas-phase species. Following a specified reaction time, the application of a high electric field ind...

Phenylalanine in serum and urine was determined by gas chromatography after it was converted, by action of nitrous acid, to the corresponding hydroxy acid, phenyllactic acid. After extraction with ether, the phenyllactic acid was derivatized with bis(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide under mild conditions, and the product was injected directly into the gas chromatograph. The precision of the m...

A pyridine containing amino acid based gelator forms gel in aqueous media in the presence of hydrochloric acid and the chloride ion is found to be very selective for gelation. The gelator is successfully applied for the detection and trapping of hydrogen chloride gas and this indicates its probable application for removing hazardous HCl gas from the environment.

A novel personal sampler was designed to measure inorganic acid mists and gases for determining human exposure levels to these acids in workplaces. This sampler consists of (1) a parallel impactor for classifying aerosol by size following the ISO/CEN/ACGIH defined human thoracic fraction, (2) a cellulose filter to collect the residual acid mist but allowing penetration of sulfur dioxide gas, an...

Diaminopimelic acid was found to be a component of the cell wall of the Legionnaires disease bacterium, thus providing additional evidence that the organism is a bacterium. The presence of this amino acid was determined by gas-liquid chromatography and confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Hydrocarbons are sparingly soluble in aqueous solvents and to a first approximation their solubility can be described by the traditional Henry’s Law, which linearly relates the mole fraction in water to gas-phase partial pressure. The presence of amines in the aqueous phase increases hydrocarbon solubility over that in water, an effect referred to as “salting-in”. Commercial amine treating solu...