the basic aim of this research is description and deduction of principles, aims, and methods based on the epistemological foundations of farabi in fusus al-hikmah. to get this aim, the method was documentary analysis and deduction. findings show that: necessary being is aware of all contingent beings, there is a unity between the essence of god as a ultimate truth and his knowledge, necessary b...

This paper explores the competing and often diverging psychological needs of the individual and the society with regards to making reparations for gross violations of human rights. The South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission's mandate and policy recommendations with regards to reparations for survivors and families of victims of human rights abuses are outlined. Thereafter, some of th...

This paper develops a model of the interaction between the supply of hatecreating stories from politicians and the willingness of voters to listen to hatred. Hatred is fostered with stories of an out-group’s crimes, but the impact of these stories comes from repetition not truth. Hate-creating stories are supplied by politicians when such actions help to discredit opponents whose policies benef...

Many genomic experiments, notably microarray experiments seeking to detect differential gene expression, involve calculating a large number of p-values. This leads to the multiple testing problem: when the number of null hypotheses is large, the probability of accepting at least one false alternative hypothesis is often much greater than the significance level of the tests, which tends to misle...

1.1 Truth-relevance There are Boolean formulae such that their value can be determined by a subset of their variables. Consider for example A = P v ~P v Q. When v(P) is T then v(A) = T regardless of the value of Q. When v(P) = F then v(A) = T also regardless of the value Q. The set of variables occurring in A is {P, Q}. We say that the subset {P} is truth-determining for A; for all the valuatio...

counting the population of insect pests is a key task for planning a successful integrated pest management program. most image processing and machine vision techniques in the literature are very site-specific and cannot be easily re-usable because their performances are highly related to their ground truth data. in this article a new unsupervised image processing method is proposed which is gen...

This is a commentary on the article ‘The rise of post-truth populism in pluralist liberal democracies: challenges for health policy.’ It critically examines two of its key concepts: populism and ‘post truth.’ This commentary argues that there are different types of populism, with unclear links to impacts, and that in some ways, ‘post-truth’ has resonances with arguments advanced in the period a...

The book is divided into three parts: I. ‘Cynical Myths’, II. ‘False Theories’ and III. ‘Why Truth matters’. Part I offers a diagnosis and criticism of views that naturally lead to cynicism with respect to truth: (a) the view that truth is unattainable, (b) the view that truth is relative, and (c) the view that falsehood is often more useful than truth. Part II offers a critique of prominent th...

15 sentence in which they appear. Here, we address this question head-on experimentally. We first investigate the information status of appositives and find that while nominal appositives (e.g. a classical violinist) and sentence-medial appositive relative clauses (e.g. who is a classical violinist) are largely not at issue, sentence-final appositive relative clauses can become at issue, as wit...

When the interests of interlocutors are not aligned, either party may wish to avoid truthful disclosure. A sender wishing to conceal the truth from a receiver may lie by providing false information, mislead by actively encouraging the receiver to reach a false conclusion, or simply be uninformative by providing little or no relevant information. Lying entails moral and other hazards, such as de...