t ferdous al-hekma (paradise of wisdom) is one of the oldest medical texts in the islamic world written in arabic in 850 ad by ali ibn raban tabari. he was a persian physician who moved from tabaristan (mazandaran province of modern day iran) to samarra during the reign of the abbasid caliph al-mutawakkil (847-861 ad). we studied the book of ferdous al-hekma fil-tibb, in an attempt to comprehen...

Calligraphy, one of the Islamic arts, has received great attention in Muslim community. Basically, calligraphy is artistic writing ( khat ) taken from Al-Qur'an and it named based on place: Makki , Madani Anbari Baghdadi. By time, names are shown, seems like Khufi Mutsallats Mudawwar some other types writing. Calligraphy a big role developing civilization world. The influence power development ...

After the fall of Abbasid dynasty in 1258 due to attack Mongols, mecca great Islamic power began move Ottoman Empire and Timurid Empire. The two powers were led by Sultan Bayazid Timur Lenk, respectively. development possessed these rulers brought them point where they competed with each other spreading political influence. Policies undermine other's territory are inevitable. They finally met w...

The ‘Abb®sid caliphs al-Ma’m‚n and al-Mu‘ta◊im, who between them reigned from 198 to 227 A.H. (813-842 A.D.) are best-known to historians of philosophy for two things. First, they supported a massive translation project that had already begun in the previous century with al-Ma’m‚n’s grandfather, al-Man◊‚r. The result was that many of the most important works of Greek philosophy and science were...

Abstract One of the bitterest plagiarism controversies recorded in medieval Arabic sources concerned poet al-Sarī l-Raffāʾ and two poets known as Khālidī brothers. Based on surviving evidence, this article examines closely dispute between both parties Iraq Syria fourth/tenth century various ways which it engaged others, including very prominent figures Abbasid era. Attention is paid to developm...