Following the occurrence of environmental challenges, socio - economic and especially physical inequalities in most countries are affected by the dominance of policy and approach of development management from top to bottom, the ground for paying attention and change the approach to development from the bottom to top, in order to balance the physical - spatial organization of rural settlements ...

Economic outcomes and consequences are among one of the most prominent reasons for tourism planners. Tourism is being considered as major motive as long as the economic development is concerned. Taking into account peasant’s economic status as well as downward trend in agricultural activity and high rate of rural migration, there exists a need regarding an economic alternative complementary wit...

this thesis is a study on insurance fraud in iran automobile insurance industry and explores the usage of expert linkage between un-supervised clustering and analytical hierarchy process(ahp), and renders the findings from applying these algorithms for automobile insurance claim fraud detection. the expert linkage determination objective function plan provides us with a way to determine whi...

from its emergence till present time marxist principles has undergone great changes since their promulgation by marx. many theorists and thinkers set at rectifying marxist tenets and introducing those of their own while others advocated its main concepts and attempted at improving them. among marxist philosophers who had an intensive study of marxs ideology, is louis althusser whose reflections...

a novel acrylic acid-functionalized fe3o4 magnetic nanoparticle with a core-shell structure was developed for utilization as a heterogeneous organosuperacid in chemical transformations. the structural, surface, and magnetic characteristics of the nanosized catalyst were investigated by various techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (tem), thermogravimetric analysis (tga), and ft-ir...

Renewable energy systems (RES) have a vital role in a country’s rural and comprehensive development programs. Renewable resources for the generation of electricity (e.g., wind, solar, geothermal, etc.) are typically most abundant and practical resources for development in rural areas. Such green development plans create an opportunity for rural electric utilities that are at a geographical adva...

abstract target-oriented approaches to translation studies are regarded as recent theories of translation. one of the most famous theories among these approaches is descriptive translation studies presented by toury (1995). this theory gives a new dimension to translation studies and gives importance to the descriptive rather than prescriptive studies. it also identifies three sets of transla...

the images of muslims in media, literature and politics have been mostly black and white portrayals of a people alien to modernity, civilization, rationality and pluralism. since the end of the cold war and the onset of deadly terrorist attacks in different areas of the world, especially in the united states, these representations show a palpable difference: muslims are represented not only as ...

abstract al- muntazam by ibn al -jawzi is one of the greatest the book ancient book of texts on history of islam in the 6th century.it is very important one;because of including rare reports which are not found any where.in addition to historical reports,his outlook , in which embodies information on mythologies, milal wa nihal (sects and creeds), geography, and political, social and religiou...