introduction in dry areas, water is the limiting factor in improving agricultural production. saving the annual precipitation in the soil is very effective in dryland farming. the amount of rainfall that infiltrates the soil depends on the amount of soil permeability and runoff. the surface remains will be able to better permeable prevent runoff and raindrops and reduce erosion. in addition, ev...

the accuracy and effectiveness of precision agriculture is highly depending on accuracy and time analysis of the soil moisture conditions. monitoring of the soil water status is a proper method for optimizing the agricultural irrigation. automation irrigation, based on soil moisture measurement by smart sensors has the potential to provide maximum water use efficiency by maintaining soil moistu...

Moisture play a crucial role in vermicomposting of pressmud (filter cake) (P). Five levels of moisture contents of pressmud (55-57%, 60-62%, 65-67%, 70-72% and 75-77%) at 31±2°C on earthworm activities (growth, reproduction and recovery rate of vermicompost) of Perionyx excavatus (Perrier)-an indigenous species and total microbial population, activity and nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium conten...

Soil moisture satellite mission accuracy, repeat time and spatial resolution requirements are addressed through a numerical twin data assimilation study. Simulated soil moisture profile retrievals were made by assimilating near-surface soil moisture observations with various accuracy (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 10%v/v standard deviation) repeat time (1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 days), and spatial r...

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