BACKGROUND External fixation has been used extensively during recent wars as a damage control measure for fractures in coalition forces being evacuated. We hypothesize that external fixation is a safe and effective initial stabilization procedure for combat-related open fractures. METHODS Records on 55 consecutive type III tibia fractures between March 2003 and September 2007 were reviewed. W...

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system. As an association between MS and reduced cerebral venous blood drainage was hypothesised, our aim was to compare the size of the jugular foramina in patients with MS and in control subjects. Methods: Ethics committee approval was received for this retrospective case–control study. We collected imaging and cl...

To facilitate research in comparative genomics, sequencing projects are increasingly aimed at assembling the genomes of closely related organisms. Given two incomplete assemblies of two related genomes, the question arises how to use the similarity of the two sequences to obtain a better ordering and orientation of both assemblies. In this paper, we formalize this question as the Optimal Synten...

Runoff phosphorus (P) associated with eroded soil contributes to eutrophication to some extent. The present work examines two methods for estimating the potential bioavailability of particulate P (PP) in runoff, and studies the concentrations and losses of different P forms in surface and subsurface runoff from arable soils. The potential bioavailability of PP was approximated by extraction wit...

The vertebrate hypothalamus contains persistent radial glia that have been proposed to function as neural progenitors. In zebrafish, a high level of postembryonic hypothalamic neurogenesis has been observed, but the role of radial glia in generating these new neurons is unclear. We have used inducible Cre-mediated lineage labeling to show that a population of hypothalamic radial glia undergoes ...

OBJECTIVES This study sought to compare acute lumen changes and late lumen narrowing during and after excimer laser-assisted balloon angioplasty, measured by quantitative coronary angiography, with the immediate and long-term outcome of balloon angioplasty alone. BACKGROUND Although excimer laser coronary angioplasty is used as an adjunct or alternative to balloon angioplasty, limited compara...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the hip capsule in a subset of symptomatic patients who underwent capsular closure during hip arthroscopy. METHODS All patients undergoing primary hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) with routine capsular closure between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2015, were eligible. Only patients with unilateral surgery and a postope...

Artificial life has now become a mature inter-discipline. In this contribution, its roots are traced, its key questions are raised, its main methodological tools are discussed, and finally its applications are reviewed. As part of the growing body of knowledge at the intersection between the life sciences and computing, artificial life will continue to thrive and benefit from further scientific...

Individuals with REM sleep behaviour disorder are at significantly higher risk of developing Parkinson’s disease. Here we examined visual short-term memory deficits—long associated with Parkinson’s disease—in patients with REM sleep behaviour disorder without Parkinson’s disease using a novel task that measures recall precision. Visual short-term memory for sequentially presented coloured bars ...

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, that has been more frequently diagnosed lately and whose importance has been gradually understood better, is a widespread health problem. This syndrome has been accompanied by obesity frequently. In the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, it has been known that hypoxia and sometimes hypercarbia additionally has been observed, nevertheless cardiovascular problems ...