BACKGROUND The progression of breast cancer is increasing at an alarming rate, particularly in western countries. Meanwhile, the lower incidence in Asian countries could be attributed to the heavy incorporation of green leaves vegetables or spices in their diets. Murraya koenigii (MK) or often times known as curry leaves are common spice used mostly in tropical countries. Anti-inflammatory and ...

Sex hormonal milieus during the female fertility cycle modulate the tumor vascular permeability of breast cancer. It has been proposed that the liposomal formulated doxorubicin (ie, Doxil), given at the menstrual/estrous stage with the predicted highest tumor vascular permeability, allows significantly increased drug retention in the breast tumor. In the current study, syngeneic murine 4T1 mamm...

pH (low) insertion peptides (pHLIP peptides) target acidic extracellular environments in vivo due to pH-dependent cellular membrane insertion. Two variants (Var3 and Var7) and wild-type (WT) pHLIP peptides have shown promise for in vivo imaging of breast cancer. Two positron emitting radionuclides ((64)Cu and (18)F) were used to label the NOTA- and NO2A-derivatized Var3, Var7, and WT peptides f...

BACKGROUND Lipocalin 2, an iron binding protein, is abnormally expressed in some malignant human cancers and may play an important role in tumor metastasis. However, the roles of lipocalin 2 in breast cancer formation and metastasis have not been clearly shown. This study aimed to investigate the roles of lipocalin 2 in breast tumor metastasis. METHODS Lipocalin 2 was overexpressed in the met...

Purpose: We compared the metabolic profiles and the association between LDH-A expression and lactate production in two isogenic murine breast cancer cell lines and tumors (67NR and 4T1). These cell lines were derived from a single mammary tumor and have different growth and metabolic phenotypes. Experimental Design: LDH-A expression, lactate concentration, glucose utilization, and oxygen consum...

The use of bacteriophages to select novel ligands has been widely explored for cancer therapy. Their application is most warranted in cancer subtypes lacking knowledge on how to target the cancer cells in question, such as the triple negative breast cancer, eventually leading to the development of alternative nanomedicines for cancer therapeutics. Therefore, the following study aimed to select ...

Sredi onkoliticheskih virusov odnim iz naibolee izuchennyh yavlyaetsya virus ospovakciny (VV), shtamma modificirovannogo vysokoattenuirovannogo virusa Ankara (MVA), pokazavshego mnogoobeshchayushchie rezul'taty v doklinicheskih i klinicheskih ispytaniyah. SHtamm Lister VV Moskovskogo Instituta virusnyh preparatov (LIVP) issledovan men'shej stepeni, chem MVA imeet otlichnyj ot tropizm. Cel'yu ra...

Cell lines and reagents: Matrigel was from BD Biosciences. The highly metastatic lung-tropic MDA-MB231 subline 4175 was kindly provided by Dr. J. Massague [1]. MCF10A, 4T1, and 4T07 cells were kindly provided by Dr. Fred Miller (Karmanos Cancer Institute, MI). BT20 and MCF7 were purchased from ATCC. 4T1, and 4T07 cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium with 5% FBS, 5% newborn ...