We prove an (lg 2 n= lg lg n) lower bound for the depth of n-input sorting networks based on the shuue permutation. The best previously known lower bound was the trivial (lg n) bound, while the best upper bound is given by Batcher's (lg 2 n)-depth bitonic sorting network. The proof technique employed in the lower bound argument may be of independent interest.

background and aims. digital imaging continues to gain acceptance in dentistry and video display used for this becomes important. the aim of this study was to assess the influence of the display monitor on observer performance on caries detection. materials and methods. artificial enamel lesions were created in 40 extracted teeth at random using 1/4 and 1/2 round burs. teeth were mounted in den...

The skyline of a set of points in the plane is the subset of maximal points, where a point (x, y) is maximal if no other point (x′, y′) satisfies x′ ≥ x and y′ ≥ x. We consider the problem of preprocessing a set P of n points into a space efficient static data structure supporting orthogonal skyline counting queries, i.e. given a query rectangle R to report the size of the skyline of P ∩ R. We ...

We give an algorithm to nd a minimum spanning tree in the k-dimensional space under rectilinear metric. The running time is O(8 k p k n(lg n) k?2 lg lg n) for k 3. This improves the previous bound by a factor p k lg 2 n=4 k .

Molecular interactions between β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) were studied using online multi-detection high performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) at neutral pH and 50mM ionic strength. The hydrodynamic properties of various interacting polymer fractions were characterized in detail and compared with those of β-LG and SBP. Results showed that ∼6.5% (w/w) of nativ...

Lactating rats exhibit stable individual differences in pup licking/grooming (LG) over the first week postpartum. Such naturally occurring variations in maternal behavior are associated with differences in estrogen-inducible oxytocin receptors in the medial preoptic area (MPOA) of the hypothalamus. We compared levels of ER and ER mRNA in the MPOA of lactating High or Low LG mothers as well as i...

BACKGROUND In 1985, two independent reports highlighted a novel subtype of chronic inflammation in the gastric mucosa, characterized by the intraepithelial lymphocytic infiltration (ILI) both in the surface and the foveolar epithelium. The disease, subsequently called lymphocytic gastritis (LG) is a rare form of gastritis (0.8%-1.6% of cases), with unclear pathogenesis. More recently, LG was re...

The star formation histories of Local Group (LG) dwarf galaxies and more distant potential LG members are reviewed. Problems in defining the spatial extent of the LG and membership are briefly discussed. The morphological types found in the LG are presented, and it is suggested that we see continuous evolution from low-mass dwarf irregulars (dIrrs) to dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSph) in the LG....

A large group one-session exposure treatment (LG-OST) based on indirect modeled exposure strategies was carried out to investigate its feasibility and effectiveness in a sample of highly spider fearful individuals (N = 78). The stability of LG-OST-effects was assessed at 8-month follow-up (FU). Furthermore, a second sample (N = 30) of highly spider fearful individuals was treated in a standard,...