background: breast cancer is the most common diagnosed cancer among women in the world. snail1 plays a role in the development of the invasive phenotypes of cancer, neural cell differentiation, cell division and apoptosis in tumor cells. traces of snail1 in metastasis of breast cancer to bone are observed. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of specific snail1 sirnas on the prol...

In Lecture 3, we learned about a combinatorial method for representing spaces. In Lecture 4, we studied groups and equivalence relations implied by their normal subgroups. In this lecture, we look at a combinatorial and computable functor called homology that gives us a finite description of the topology of a space. Homology groups may be regarded as an algebraization of the first layer of geom...

In the previous lecture we developed the notion of the curvature of a surface, showing a bunch of nice theoretical properties. But aside from theoretical elegance, what’s so great about curvature? Well, remember from the plane curve setting that the curvature function uniquely defines a curve parameterized by arc length up to a rigid motion. A similar result holds for surfaces, though the proof...

Stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) interacting protein 1 (SIN1) is an essential TORC2 component and a key regulator of Akt pathway that plays an important role in various pathological conditions including cancer. Whereas its functional role in breast cancer has not been well characterized. In the present study, SIN1 is associated with the progression and survival of breast cancer patients, ...

Chemotherapy drugs that induce apoptosis by causing DNA double-strand breaks, upregulate the tumor suppressor p53. This study investigated the regulation of the growth-regulatory protein insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), a p53 target, by DNA-damaging agents in breast cancer cells. IGFBP-3 was upregulated 1.4- to 13-fold in response to doxorubicin and etoposide in MCF-10A, ...

Identification and up-regulation of biosynthetic genes required for accumulation of 1 mycosporine-2-glycine under salt stress in halotolerant cyanobacterium Aphanothece 2 halophytica 3 4 Rungaroon Waditee-Sirisattha, Hakuto Kageyama, Warangkana Sopun, Yoshito 5 Tanaka, Teruhiro Takabe 6 7 Research Institute of Meijo University, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan; Department of 8 Microbiology, Faculty of Sc...

1. Overview: 4/1/13 1 2. Curves: 4/3/13 3 3. Discrete Curves: 4/8/13 5 4. The Definition of a Surface: 4/10/13 8 5. Surface Geometry: 4/15/13 9 6. Discrete Surfaces: 4/17/13 11 7. Extrinsic Curvature: 4/22/13 13 8. Computing Curvature: 4/24/13 14 9. Intrinsic Geometry: The Induced Metric and Geodesics : 4/29/13 17 10. 5/1/13 19 11. Covariant Differentiation: 5/6/13 19 12. Discrete Laplacians: 5...

The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of ultrasonography and urography in evaluating patients presenting with painless gross haematuria for urinary malignancies. From October 1992 to March 1997, 468 consecutive patients presenting with painless gross haematureia were prospectively investigated. Ultrasonography and urography were performed independently, followed by diagnosti...