The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are members of a family of intracellular lipid kinases that phosphorylate the 3'-hydroxyl group of phosphatidylinositol and phosphoinositides. PI3K regulate signaling pathways for neoplasia, including cell proliferation, adhesion, survival, and motility. Different classes of PI3K have distinct roles in cellular signal transduction. PI3K pathway is acti...

The kinase complex mechanistic target of rapamycin 1 (mTORC1) plays an important role in controlling growth and metabolism. We report here that the stepwise formation of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI(3)P) and phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P(2)) regulates the cell type-specific activation and localization of mTORC1. PI(3)P formation depends on the class II phosphatidylinos...

In the present study, nine compounds (1-9) were isolated from Talaromyces wortmannii LGT-4 (anendophytic fungus from Tripterygium wilfordi) which was cultured in CYM Medium. Their structures were determined as 4-hydroxyphthalide (1), Fumitremorgin C (2), Ergosterol (3), 3-(2-hydroxypropyl)-8-h...

Background and Objective: Oxidative stress induced by proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β plays a major role in β-cell destruction in diabetes type 1. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) is a polyphenolic compound with antioxidant and protective effects. Thus, objective of this study was to assess the protection exerted by Sal B on isolated rat islets exposed to IL-1β and to investigate an underlyin...

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K) is a pivotal enzyme involved in the control of a variety of diverse metabolic functions. Glucocorticoids have been shown to attenuate PI3K signaling in some nonrenal cell types, raising the possibility that some physiological effects of glucocorticoids in renal cells may be achieved by a similar mechanism. Therefore, we tested whether glucocorticoids affect s...

Fc-receptors, such as FcalphaR and FcgammaRII, play an important role in leukocyte activation, and rapid modulation of ligand binding ("activation") is critical for receptor regulation. We have previously demonstrated that ligand binding to Fc-receptors on human eosinophils is dependent on cytokine stimulation. Utilization of pharmacological inhibitors provided evidence that the phenomenon of i...

Despite recent advances in our understanding of the biological behavior of prostate cancer (PCa), PCa is becoming the most common malignancy in men worldwide. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway has been implicated in prostate carcinogenesis. Inflammatory cytokines (CCR9, IL-6, and TLR3) regulate PI3K/AKT signaling during apoptosis of PCa cells, and PI3K/AKT signaling participa...

UNLABELLED The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is one of the most frequently mutated pathways in cancer, and is actively being pursued as a therapeutic target. Despite the importance of the PI3K pathway in cancer, durable responses to PI3K pathway-targeted therapies are uncommon with monotherapy. Several in vitro and xenograft models have elucidated compensatory signaling and genomic c...

Although phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is essential for several cellular signal transductions, its role in the regulation of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) activity in intestinal epithelial cells is poorly understood. Therefore, the possible involvement of PI3K in the regulation of cAMP- and cGMP-induced duodenal epithelial CFTR activation was investigated in ...

Stimulation of platelet G protein–coupled receptors results in the cleavage of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-trisphosphate (PIP2) into inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and 1,2diacylglycerol by phospholipase C (PLC ). It also results in the phosphorylation of PIP2 by the isoform of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K ) to synthesize phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5trisphosphate. To understand the role of PIP2 ...