This paper derives the limiting distributions of alternative jackknife IV (JIV ) estimators and gives formulae for accompanying consistent standard errors in the presence of heteroskedasticity and many instruments. The asymptotic framework includes the many instrument sequence of Bekker (1994) and the many weak instrument sequence of Chao and Swanson (2005). We show that JIV estimators are asym...

This paper shows that neither OLS nor 2SLS can generically identify policy trade offs in the linear case, except under extreme assumptions. Practitioners must be content with near identification and discusses how to choose between these two methods. It a two-stage approach using preference proxies elicit hidden information potentially narrow gap simple specification test used assess whether rea...

introduction:ventilator- associated pneumonia(vap),as defined by the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc),is a pneumonia that occurs in a patient receiving mechanical ventilation that develops 48 hours or more after initiation of ventilation.re-intubation which occur within 72 hours of planned extubation may effect vap incidence.the aim of this study was to determine vap incidence i...

The study aims to look into the effect of electricity, energy, and natural resource rent on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Panel data from 198 countries was compiled for period 1990 2018. OLS, POLS, DK, 2SLS, GMM models are used in this study. In all models, we discovered that access energy is positively related with FDI. except POLS GMM, intensity level primary green power output had a signi...

Meal machine, experimental laboratory, status symbol, domestic prison, or the creative and spiritual heart of the home? Over the course of the past century no other room has been the focus of such intensive aesthetic and technological innovation, or as loaded with cultural significance. Kitchen design has been both a central concern of modernism and fundamental to our concept of modern life (Mo...

On Human Rights Day 1992, the United Nations proclaimed an International Year of the World’s Indigenous People. A Decade for Indigenous Peoples was subsequently launched, to run from 1995 to 2004, and a Forum of Indigenous Peoples established. The inaugural meeting of the Forum, held in Geneva in 1996, was unfortunately disrupted by gate-crashers. A self-styled delegation of South African Boers...

Laryngopyocele recurrence after initial surgical resection is a very rare occurrence. We present a case of recurrent laryngopyocele in which CT fluoroscopy-guided hookwire placement was used to facilitate resection. In this article, we illustrate the imaging findings of laryngopyocele, review the approach to management, and describe the CT fluoroscopy-guided hookwire placement procedure.

Combining forms such as over-, underand ill-, as in overloaded, underpaid and ill-nourished show a similar distribution and pattern of behavior, and are thus likely to be amenable to a similar analisis, but since their syntax and semantics is slightly di erent from that of manner adverbs, we will not discuss them here. a degree reading and a \quality" reading in examples like (3a), but only a q...