The purpose of this study was to take a critical look at a voice therapy technique known as the yawn-sigh. The voiced sigh as an approach in voice therapy has had increased use in recent years, particularly with problems of vocal hyperfunction. In this study, the physiology of the yawn-sigh was studied with video nasoendoscopy in eight normal subjects; their taped voices were also studied acous...

In this study, we determine the fundamental role of line fifths for organization tonal material by applying dimensionality reduction to a large historical corpus pitch-class counts (ca. 1360–1940). We observe historically growing trend in exploitation range, i.e. size segments that distributions cover on fifths. Moreover, introduce novel concept (co-)evolution, which traces changing co-occurren...

Status of this Memo This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract This document serves to register...

In this study, forecast skill over four different periods of global climate change (1982–1999, 1984–1996, 2000–2018, and 2000–2014) is examined using the hindcasts five models in North American Multimodel Ensemble. The deterministic evaluation shows that forecasting skills Niño3.4 Niño3 indexes are much lower during 2000–2018 than 1982–1999, indicating previously reported decline continues thro...

Due Date: Tuesday, April 18, 2017. 9:00 PM. We encourage you to work in groups of size two. Each group need only submit one solution. Your submission must be typeset using LATEX. You must submit both the LATEX source and the rendered PDF. LATEX files without an accompanying PDF will not be graded. Likewise, PDF files without accompanying LATEX source will not be graded. Use the handin script to...

Various stochastic processes on nonamenable graphs and manifolds of exponential volume growth exhibit phases that do not occur in the corresponding processes on amenable graphs. Examples include: (1) branching diffusion and random walk on hyperbolic space, which for intermediate branching rates may survive globally but not locally; (2) contact processes on homogeneous trees, which likewise can ...

The specifications of Motion JPEG 2000 (MJ2) and related documents in the JPEG 2000 family are analyzed, to identify and assess the multiple mechanisms available for storing metadata within a MJ2 file and the types of metadata that can be so accommodated. Adequate mechanisms seem to exist for associating metadata with the production as a whole, individual tracks, and individual frames. In those...

Green bonds play a pivotal role in the financing of sustainable infrastructure systems. Likewise, CO 2 emissions and oil prices can cause an impact on green market. In order to better understand this issue, study analyzes relationship among bonds, futures’ prices, using daily data set that includes 2,206 observations corresponding information from 1 January 2014 15 June 2022. The Granger Causal...

Since the first months of 2020, Covid-19 pandemic has driven social distancing measures in many countries, which have made it potentially more attractive to reside less populated areas. This paper visualizes whether registered populations municipalities with fewer than 2000 inhabitants Spanish regions changed during 2020 a different way previous years. The per cent variation rural population is...

In this paper, we study the matrix period and competition of Toeplitz matrices over a binary Boolean ring B={0,1}. Given subsets S T {1,…,n−1}, an n×n A=Tn〈S;T〉 is defined to have 1 as (i,j)-entry if only j−i∈S or i−j∈T. We show that max⁡S+min⁡T≤n min⁡S+max⁡T≤n, then A has d/d′ where d=gcd⁡(s+t|s∈S,t∈T) d′=gcd⁡(d,min⁡S). Moreover, it shown limit sequence {Am(AT)m}m=1∞ directed sum all ones exce...