BACKGROUND Nefopam is a centrally acting analgesic that is used to control pain. The aim of this study was to find an appropriate dose of nefopam that demonstrates an analgesic effect when administered in continuous infusion with fentanyl at the end of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS Ninety patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly assigned to receive analgesia w...

plants are rich source of phenolic compounds (phenolic acids, flavonoids and tannins) that are most important natural antioxidants. in the present study two ultrasonic methods including probe and bath were used for the extraction of phenolic and flavonoid compounds from celtis australis. the effects of different extraction time including 30, 60 and 90 min (bath method) and 5, 10 and 20 min (pro...

objective: the current study was undertaken to examine the bactericide effects of atmospheric plasma produced by flat and comb electrodes on e.coli. materials and methods: dc (20 w) and ac (500 w) power supplies, flat and comb electrodes, insulator and oxygen gas were used to produce atmospheric plasma. bactericide effects of the atmospheric plasma were studied on e.coli on sterilized plate pla...

conclusions continuous portal triade clamping (the pringle maneuver) during liver ischemia (30 and 45 minutes) in rabbits resulted in no ischemic change. increasing time of clamping to 30 minutes was safe in intermittent pringle maneuver. materials and methods in an experimental study, 20 new-zealand white rabbits were selected. in laparotomy, a blunt dissector was passed through the foramen of...

This study aimed to define a methodology that, when combined with temperature, can overcome the dormancy and also determine adequate substrate light conditions for germination of Colubrina glandulosa Perkins, contributing seed analysis restoration projects. In experiment seeds were immersed in sulfuric acid 30, 60, 90, 120 150 minutes set germinate at temperatures 20-30 °C, 25 °C 30 °C. The use...

BACKGROUND Central serotonergic mechanisms appear to participate in the pathogenesis of recurrent neurally mediated syncope. The aim of the study was to investigate the responsiveness of the central serotonergic system by measuring the prolactin and cortisol responses to intravenous administration of the serotonin reuptake inhibitor clomipramine. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty subjects free of an...

Magnetic field  improved germination parameters. The germination of Catharanthus roseus seeds is lost under salinity conditions. The effect of different strengths of magnetic field and exposure durations on the germination of C. roseus seeds under salinity conditions (19 mS cm-1) were investigated. The experiment was conducted  with factorial arrangement based on a completely randomized design ...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether inhaling fully humidified air at 43 degrees C gave more benefit to cold sufferers than inhaling air at 30 degrees C. DESIGN Randomised double blind trial. Setting--General practice and the common cold research unit. SUBJECTS 87 Unselected patients with typical acute nasal and upper respiratory symptoms (general practice study), and 84 volunteers aged 18-50 wit...

determination of normal gastric emptying time and small intestinal transit time are useful in detecting gastrointestinal motility disorders and partial obstructions of the pylorus or small intestine. this study was conducted to evaluate iodixanol as a contrast agent in the gastrointestinal tract in new zealand white rabbit. twelve clinically healthy adult rabbits were prepared and kept for two ...