Background and Aims: Hemagglutinin (HA) protein of Avian Influenza (AI) plays an essential role in the virus pathogenicity. AI H9N2 subtype causes significant economic loss in broiler and layer in poultry farms in Iran. AI viruses have a great involvement in evolutionary changes at nucleotide and amino acid levels and vaccines could induce faster rates of such changes. Up-dated understanding of...

Autoinducer-2 (AI-2) mediated quorum sensing has been associated with the expression of virulence factors in a number of pathogenic organisms and has been demonstrated to play a role in motility and cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) production in Campylobacter jejuni. We have initiated the work to determine the molecular basis of AI-2 synthesis and the biological functions of quorum sensing in ...

Abstract Subject area classification is an important first phase in the entire process involved bibliometrics. In this paper, we explore possibility of using automated algorithms for classifying scientific papers related to Artificial Intelligence at document level. The current semimanual and journal based, a realization that, argue, opens up potential inaccuracies. To counter this, our propose...

Cell-to-cell communication in bacteria is mediated by quorum-sensing systems (QSS) that produce chemical signal molecules called autoinducers (AI). In particular, LuxS/AI-2-dependent QSS has been proposed to act as a universal lexicon that mediates intra- and interspecific bacterial behavior. Here we report that the model organism Bacillus subtilis operates a luxS-dependent QSS that regulates i...

background and aims: avian influenza (ai) h9n2 subtype was first reported to infect turkeys in the united states in 1966 and has been panzootic in europe and asia. the impact of avian influenza caused by h9n2 viruses in iran is now significantly more severe than in previous years. methods: sequence analysis and phylogenetic study of the complete coding region polymerase a (pa) gene of h9n2 subt...

These notes give details on the probability concepts of “infinitely often” and “with probability 1.” This is useful for understanding the Borel-Cantelli lemma and the strong law of large numbers. I. SEQUENCES OF EVENTS A. Events Consider a general sample space S. Recall that an event is a subset of S that has a well defined probability. That is, a set A is an event if and only if A ⊆ S and P [A...