A thermodynamic property model explicit in the Helmholtz energy is presented for the R-134a/245fa mixtures. A multi-fluid approximation based on pure-fluid Helmholtz energy equations of state forms the basis of the property model. The Helmholtz energy of the mixture is expressed as the sum of the ideal gas contribution, the compressibility contribution (real fluid contribution), and the contrib...

This study explores the issue of micropolar fluids and heat transfer in a hybrid nanofluid through moving thin needle with prescribed surface flux. Here, SWCNT MWCNT are referred to as nanoparticles, Engine oil Refrigerant-134A working fluid. Similarity transformation is implemented acquire similarity equations, then numerically solved by utilizing shooting technique bvp4c function. Hybrid nano...

This paper investigates the feasibility of hydrocarbon refrigerant mixtures as a replacement for HCFC-22 in residential air-conditioning and heat pump systems. The COP and the seasonal performance factor (SPF) were calculated using a UA-model for single component refrigerants and refrigerant mixtures. Simulations were run for pure propane and the mixtures of propane/i-pentane, propane/n-butane,...

BACKGROUND With the transition to hydrofluoroalkane-134a propellants in metered dose inhalers, it is important to consider the efficacy and safety profiles of formulations containing inhaled corticosteroids. We examined the airway and systemic effects of hydrofluoroalkane-134a fluticasone propionate (FLU-HFA) and beclomethasone dipropionate (BEC-HFA) at recommended labelled doses. METHODS Twe...

The development of vapor compression refrigeration systems currently depends on the issue environmental problems related to ozone layer depletion (ODP) and global warming potential (GWP). In addition issues, low energy use is also in spotlight researchers. To solve problem development, natural refrigeration, especially hydrocarbons, focus attention. Hydrocarbons are refrigerants that have excel...