Differential cryptanalysis is a well-known statistical attack on block ciphers. We present here a generalisation of this attack called multiple differential cryptanalysis. We study the data complexity, the time complexity and the success probability of such an attack and we experimentally validate our formulas on a reduced version of PRESENT. Finally, we propose a multiple differential cryptana...

Differential cryptanalysis is a well-known statistical attack on block ciphers. We present here a generalisation of this attack called multiple differential cryptanalysis. We study the data complexity, the time complexity and the success probability of such an attack and we experimentally validate our formulas on a reduced version of PRESENT. Finally, we propose a multiple differential cryptana...

Bryant [5] has shown that any OBDD for the function MULn−1,n, i.e. the middle bit of the n-bit multiplication, requires at least 2n/8 nodes. In this paper a stronger lower bound of essentially 2n/2/61 is proven by a new technique, using a universal family of hash functions. As a consequence, one cannot hope anymore to verify e.g. 128-bit multiplication circuits using OBDD-techniques because the...

This letter proposes a differential fault analysis on the AES key schedule and shows how an entire 128-bit AES key can be retrieved. In the workshop at FDTC 2007, we presented the DFA mechanism on the AES key schedule and proposed general attack rules. Using our proposed rules, we showed an efficient attack that can retrieve 80 bits of the 128-bit key. Recently, we have found a new attack that ...

As part of the BIOSANT program (biologically-inspired smart nanotechnology), scientists at NASA-Langley have identified a “self-healing” plastic that spontaneously closes the hole left by the passage of a bullet. To understand and generalize the phenomenon in question, the mechanical properties responsible for this ability are being explored. Low-rate impression testing was chosen to characteri...

OBJECTIVE Abnormal expression of micro-ribonucleic acid (miRNA [miR])-128 has been observed in various human cancer types, and its validated target genes are implicated in cancer-related cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Especially, it has been demonstrated that miR-128 may play an important role in the proliferation of human osteosarcoma cells in v...

MicroRNAs are a class of small noncoding RNAs that function as critical gene regulators through targeting mRNAs for translational repression or degradation. In this study, we showed that miR-128 expression levels were decreased in glioma, and identified p70S6K1 as a novel direct target of miR-128. Overexpression of miR-128 suppressed p70S6K1 and its downstream signaling molecules such as HIF-1 ...

miR-128 is expressed in various tumors, but its expression and function in gastric cancer have not been defined. Thus, the goal of this study was to characterize miR-128 in gastric cancer. We found first that miR-128 is down-regulated in gastric cancer cell lines and tissues, and this dysregulation is correlated with DNA methylation and the transcription factor SNAIL. Using prediction tools, we...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE MicroRNA-128 (miR-128) has been identified as a negative regulator of malignant phenotypes of prostate cancer (PCa) cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic implications of both tissue and serum levels of miR-128 expression in PCa patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. METHODS A series of 128 cases with PCa were evaluated for both tissue and serum...

Many RFID protocols use cryptographic hash functions for their security. The resource constrained nature of RFID systems forces the use of light weight cryptographic algorithms. Tav-128 is one such 128-bit light weight hash function proposed by Peris-Lopez et al. for a low-cost RFID tag authentication protocol. Apart from some statistical tests for randomness by the designers themselves, Tav-12...