'The 100 km Dodentocht', which takes place annually and has its start in Bornem, Belgium, is a long distance march where participants have to cover a 100 km trail in at most 24 hours. The approximately 11 000 marchers per edition are tracked by making use of passive radio-frequency-identification (RFID). These tracking data were analyzed to build a spatially explicit marching model that gives i...

We report a hybrid secure communication of continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) and quadrature amplitude modulation/quantum noise stream cipher (QAM/QNSC). In QAM/QNSC a coherent multi-level optical signal is hidden in quantum noise. We demonstrated 70 Gbit/s on-line QAM/QNSC transmission over 100 km using an FPGA-based transmission and receiver, where secure keys are delivered...

Mass mortalities in natural populations, particularly those that leave few survivors over large spatial areas, may cause long-term ecological perturbations. Yet mass mortalities may remain undocumented or poorly described due to challenges in responding rapidly to unforeseen events, scarcity of baseline data, and difficulties in quantifying rare or patchily distributed species, especially in re...

M.V. Diwan, R.C. Fernow, H.G. Kirk, S.A. Kahn, Z. Parsa, B. Viren Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA D.B. Cline, K. Lee, B. Lisowski, P.F. Smith Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA R.F. Burkart, W. Burgett, E.J. Feynves Department of Physics, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA A. Badertscher, A. Bueno, L....

This study analyzed the effect of caffeine ingestion on performance during a repeated-measures, 100-km, laboratory cycling time trial that included bouts of 1- and 4-km high intensity epochs (HIE). Eight highly trained cyclists participated in 3 separate trials' placebo ingestion before exercise with a placebo carbohydrate solution and placebo tablets during exercise (Pl), or placebo ingestion ...

Ultra-marathon running is supposed to increase the parameters of skeletal muscle damage and impair renal function. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of branched-chain amino acid supplementation on skeletal muscle damage and renal function during a 100-km ultra-marathon. Twenty-eight athletes were randomly divided into two groups, one group using branched-chain amino acid s...

BACKGROUND Since transport evokes physiological adjustments that include endocrine responses, the objective of this study was to examine the responses of circulating beta-endorphin, adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol levels to transport stress in stallions. METHODS Forty-two healthy Thoroughbred and crossbred stallions were studied before and after road transport over distances ...

[1] Inversion of a new data set of teleseismic P-wave travel-times from three PASSCAL seismic deployments around the Yellowstone hotspot reveals a 100 km diameter upper mantle plume that extends from the Yellowstone volcanic caldera to 500 km depth and dips 20 to the northwest. A monotonic decrease in the velocity perturbation of the plume from 3.2% at 100 km to 0.9% at 450 km is consistent wit...

We have recorded spectra of Titan’s n4 band of CH4 at a higher resolving power (R p 70,000) than prior measurements to better constrain the thermal structure of Titan’s atmosphere from 100 to 600 km altitude. Radiative transfer analyses of the spectra indicate a temperature profile below 300 km that is consistent with past measurements. The high resolving power of our observations provides the ...