Name of Sequence. Chicken prolactin (PRL) gene. Genus and Species. Gallus gallus (chicken). Origin of Clones. Genomic DNA from Xing Hua Chinese native chickens was used as a template. Primers were designed based on exon/intron junctions of the genomic turkey PRL gene sequence (Kurima et al., 1995). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifications of the PRL gene were performed by using the follow...

The cell surface component CD14 and the toll-like receptors 2 and 4 (TLR2 and TLR4) are important in mediating the immune responses to bacterial products in mammals. Using mice genetically deficient in CD14, TLR2, or TLR4, we studied the role of these molecules in the anorectic effects of LPS and muramyl dipeptide (MDP). CD14 or TLR2 knockout (KO) and TLR4-deficient (TLR4-DEF) mice as well as c...

Nitrogen-containing biphosphonates are a group of medications that are increasingly used in the management of Paget's disease, fibrous dysplasia, osteoporosis, multiple myeloma and metastatic prostate or breast cancer bone disease. On 2004 it was established that nitrogen-containing biphosphonates may induce jaw osteonecrosis and since then, a substantial number of publications has supported th...

silane to improve the adhesion of phosphate monomer-based (MDP) resin cement to glass ceramic. Resin and feldspathic ceramic blocks (n=48, n=6 for bond test, n=2 for microscopy) were randomly divided into 6 groups and subject to surface treatments: G1: Hydrofluoric acid (HF) 9.6% for 20 s + Silane + MDP resin cement (Panavia F); G2: HF 9.6% for 20 s + Silane + Heat Treatment (oven) + Panavia F;...

A nucleoside analogue, 1 -(2’-deoxy-~-~-ribofuranosyl)-3-nitropyrrole (4) was designed to function as a universal replacement for any of the natural nucleosides in DNA sequences. Compound 4 was synthesized by the reaction of 3-nitropyrrole with sodium hydride and l-chloro-2-deoxy-3,5-di-O-toluoyl-~-e~opentofuranose, and the structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Nucleoside 4 was transfor...

We introduce the Movement Deviation Profile (MDP), which is a single curve showing the deviation of an individual's movement from normality. Joint angles, recorded from typically developing children over one gait cycle, were used to train a self-organizing map (SOM) which then generated MDP curves for patients with gait problems. The mean MDP over the gait cycle showed a high correlation (r(2) ...

Various vesicle structures and lipid compositions have been studied to identify the optimal type of liposome for delivery of the macrophage-activating agent muramyl dipeptide (MDP) to macrophages. Evaluation of the ability of liposomes to be phagocytosed by macrophages established that optimal initial rates of engulfment were obtained when multilamellar vesicles (MLV) composed of distearoylphos...

Site-directed mutagenesis is a powerful tool to study gene expression and protein structure/function. There are numerous protocols to create deletion, insertion and substitution mutations of a DNA sequence of interest. The conventional method utilizes single-stranded (ss)DNA from M13-based vectors (1,5,6,9) and an oligonucleotide primer containing the desired mutation. This method requires the ...