Abstract Nitrogen fertilization has been a critical factor for high crop productivity, where urea is currently the most used N source due to its concentration and affordability. Nevertheless, fast solubilization leads frequent losses lower agronomic efficiency. The modification of structure by condensation with formaldehyde proposed improve nutrient uptake plants reduce environmental losses. He...

In this study, the effects of various boron compounds on the termite resistance of MDF panels were evaluated. Either borax (BX), boric acid (BA), zinc borate (ZB), or sodium perborate tetrahydrate (SPT) were added to urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin at target contents of 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% based on dry fiber weight. The panels were then manufactured using 12% urea-formaldehyde resin and 1% NH(4)...

Descriptions of methods and results experiments on the preservation geometry dimensional parameters compressed wood using chemical physical are given. Wide ranges substances were used as stabilizers in urea aqueous solution (plasticizer during pressing). Wood treatment with ultrasound, liquid nitrogen pulsed magnetic field was methods. Urotropine, urea-formaldehyde oligomer, phenol-formaldehyde...

Composite wood products have traditionally relied on thermosetting polymers like phenol-formaldehyde and urea-formaldehyde resins as binders. The continuing need to effectively utilize lignocellulosic fiber from lowquality hardwoods and from recycling streams has prompted consideration of new composites based on thermoplastic polymers [ 1,2]. Much of the development effort has focused on commod...

To discuss the reduction of formaldehyde and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from engineered flooring, cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL)-formaldehyde (CF) resin and CF/PVAc resin were applied for the maple face of the veneer bonding on plywood. The CF resin was used to replace urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin in the formaldehyde-based resin system in order to reduce formaldehyde and VOC emis...

Regular hexagonal embedded ZnO nanorods were successfully prepared by a simple hydrothermal method. The addition of urea as a homogeneous precursor was found to play a vital role in the embedding of secondary nanorods. The nanostructures were characterized by XRD, SEM, and EDS. The gas-sensing properties of secondary grown embedded nanorods were reported for formaldehyde, ethanol, methanol, ace...

OBJECTIVE 1) Assessment of the frequency of contact sensitization to selected excipients of dermatological topical preparations and cosmetics in patients with chronic eczema. 2) Detection of the sources of sensitization. METHODS 1,927 patients with chronic eczema (mean age 44.3 years, 601 males, 1,326 females) were patch tested with selected excipients. RESULTS The main rates of sensitizati...