This paper applies multivariable linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control strategies to a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system. From the system point of view, a PEMFC can be modeled as a two-input-two-output system, where the inputs are air and hydrogen flow rates and the outputs are cell voltage and current. By fixing the output resistance, we aimed to control the cell voltage outp...

The volume operator plays a pivotal role for the quantum dynamics of Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG), both in the full theory and in truncated models adapted to cosmological situations coined Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC). It is therefore crucial to check whether its semiclassical limit coincides with the classical volume operator plus quantum corrections. In the present article we investigate this q...

With increasing demands on speed and accuracy of positioning systems, friction and compliance which are present in every mechanical system have to be actively influenced by control. This requires to abandon the wide-spread classical (PI, PID) control concepts and apply more advanced approaches. LQG (linear quadratic Gaussian) control is one of the candidates which is capable to do active vibrat...

The Koslowski–Sahlmann (KS) representation is a generalization of the representation underlying the discrete spatial geometry of loop quantum gravity (LQG), to accommodate states labelled by smooth spatial geometries. As shown recently, the KS representation supports, in addition to the action of the holonomy and flux operators, the action of operators which are the quantum counterparts of cert...

The aim of this paper is to examine the effect of inclusion of a linear quadratic Gaussian controller instead of the conventional AVR with the existence of a PSS for improving the dynamic stability of power system. The present work introduces a computational methodology that adopted a Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) controller to control the generator. In this method the models of both the sync...

Abstract Loop quantum gravity (LQG) is a non-perturbative attempt at quantization of classical phase space description in terms SU (2) connections and electric fields. As emphasized recently Ashtekar Varadarajan (2020 arXiv: 2012.12094 [gr-qc] ), on this space, gravitational evolution time can be understood certain gauge covariant generalizations Lie derivatives with respect to spatial algebra ...