background and objective: serum creatinine is the most used endogenous marker of glomerular filtration rate (gfr), but it also has multiple limitations. therefore, some surrogate gfr markers, such as beta trace protein, have been introduced for gfr estimation. the aim of our study was to estimate gfr by serum beta trace protein using three available equations and compare them to dtpa gfr as the...

abstract  background: pixe (particle induced x-ray emission) is a suitable method for the analysis of biological samples in which heavy trace elements are contained in light matrix elements. it is very important to know which factors or probably elements act as initial seed and lead to growing the sands. the goal of this study was to compare the relative values of fe/k, cu/k and zn/k for gallst...

background: in the present study, blood serum level of metals were determined in malarial pa­tients and compared with those in the normal subjects without complication using atomic absorp­tion spectrometer. methods: for the determination of these metals twelve intravenous blood samples each from re­ferred malarial patients and a group of normal subjects were collected and immediately centri­fug...

urban horticulture is of growing importance in developing and developed countries around the world; however, contamination of urban horticultural products can exceed the precautionary values, posing significant human health risks due to dietary exposure to high levels of the pollutants. in this study, samples of rhizosphere soil and corresponding vegetables have been collected from an urban gar...