The environmental levels of selenium (Se) are regulated and strictly enforced by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) because of the toxicity that Se can exert at high levels. However, speciation plays an important role in the overall toxicity of Se, and only when speciation analysis has been conducted will a detailed understanding of the system be possible. In the following, we carried ou...

Diversity is a powerful means to increase the transmission performance of wireless communications. For the case of fountain codes relaying, it has been shown previously that introducing diversity is also beneficial since it counteracts transmission losses on the channel. Instead of simply hop-by-hop forwarding information, each sensor node diversifies the information flow using XOR combinations...

Cold atom fountain clocks provide exceptional long term stability as they increase interrogation time at the expense of a larger size. We present compact cold using grating magneto-optical trap to laser cool and launch atoms in simplified optical setup. The is evaluated coherent population trapping demonstrates improved single-shot from launch. Ramsey times up 100 ms were measured with correspo...